Chronic alcohol consumption or other sources of oxidative stress can damage mitochondria, leading to impaired oxidative phosphorylation and potentially inducing the Warburg effect.

“I think in just normal cells, if you if you're drinking alcohol and bombarding the liver with oxidative stress that you're damaging mitochondrial...you're damaging the mitochondria, and over time, you are going to...induce the Warburg effect by causing progressive damage, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation the cell's ability to maintain energy status through mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation will be, its capacity will be impaired.”