A dementia diagnosis with amyloid presence confirms Alzheimer's disease, but mixed pathologies like vascular disease or Lewy body disease are common.

“anyone that has dementia and has amyloid does have alzheimer's but they may also have other pathology too right so you could have a mixed dementia where you have alzheimer's and vascular disease or you could have a mixed lewy body in alzheimer's and and we know from the autopsy studies certainly that are done by dennis dixon up in mayo and jacksonville you know most pathology is actually mixed”

“and what she said the second question was about sorry I don't know if people that have if you said they're two separate diseases but I was wondering if people that do develop small vessel disease end up sometimes getting also Alzheimer's like if there's yeah okay um so yes um that makes the research more complicated right uh yes um to give you an example we are we have uh the UK biobank here where we have brain tissue samples where we can really look at the features of these uh different things outside and the good proportion of small vessel disease diagnosed patients they do have um uh some sort of CAA that's what we've talked about earlier cerebral amyloid and jupitic and some of them have a miracles so that's the complexity of dementia is there's no pure Alzheimer's disease there's no pictures always neurological comorbidities that are coming in into into the the play”