Inflammatory cytokine panels and other markers are used to measure inflammation in yeast, worms, flies, mice, and humans.

“So I if are you studying inflammation in yeast? Uh not not so much in yeast but you can study innate inflammation in worms and flies because those pathways the rudimentary elements of those pathways are there. And then in mice you have both innate and adaptive uh immunity that you can study. And so we look at inflammatory cytoine panels and a range of other things in various tissues to see you know how that's changing over time and how interventions impact that. And we do that in humans too in our clinical study.”