Reprogramming resets gene expression patterns by influencing DNA packaging and protein binding.

“in terms of the hose and the spooling of the DNA what's actually going on is that genes that were once tightly bundled up by the sir proteins and by methylated DNA coming undone as we get older this noise reprogramming somehow tells the cell that region of the genome package that up again get the so proteins to go back there get the methyl back there or remove them and get that gene to switch off again because that gene has no business being on in the retina you might need it somewhere else”