DNA double-strand breaks and other genome insults cause proteins like sirtuins to have a dual role in DNA repair and stress response, disrupting chromatin structure.

“insults to the genome and one of the major insults is a double strand break but they're probably others cause these proteins sirtuins and other factors are not saying only so tons but factors that control gene expression silencing and other things have a dual role we know in DNA repair and other things such as responding to stressors heat whatever but this is the cells way of coordinating gene expression changes hunkering down during times of adversity and going off to repair the system which in this case we study DNA breaks and that's a beautiful system when you're young it works great”