The headline is broadly defensible, but the qualifications matter. Effect sizes vary by population, the strongest claims rest on shorter trials, and credible voices push back on how it's typically framed.
one of the first things that that lab did is actually measuring carbohydrate oxidation rates so you would simply throw in some stabil isotope labeled carbohydrates in your drink and by simply the oxidation of those carbohydrates and you would actually expire exhale 13 CO2 because then if it's labeled with 13 C you get 13 CO2 after you oxidize it
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it's a combination of indirect kilometry so that's total oxygen uptake total carbon dioxide production combined gives you total energy expenditure and also total oxidation of carbohydrates and fats and then because you know what per per percentage of the carbohydrate derived CO2 was expired by 13 CO2 you could calculate back how much of the carbohydrate is coming from your drink
it takes about two hours then you have a nice steady state that's why we're measuring endurance atlet of course and then for one or two hours you can measure the oxidation rate so that's only for exercise trials for example