Low insulin signaling, often seen in ketosis, may upregulate factors that increase insulin responsiveness.

“So insulin signaling goes down. So if insulin's down, all those insulin pathways that you see on your flowcharts are all going to be suppressed and IGF-1, obviously, it's going to be lower and I think that's a really important consideration to factor in as it relates to cancer therapeutics, cancer biology, cancer prevention, even. But also from the perspective of muscle metabolism. And I think by keeping insulin signaling sort of low, you upregulate factors that make you more responsive to insulin.”