The body has three primary nutrient sensors: insulin, mTOR, and AMPK.

“look insulin responds to dietary carbohydrates and dietary proteins mTOR responds mostly to dietary protein ampk is actually like a you know measures the ATP the MPA ATP ratio so it actually doesn't care what you eat it just cares about the cellular energy availability so they're all three measuring different sort of things and they all work on different time scale so insulin goes up and down within minutes it's gone within hours mTOR is sort of up and down between 18 and 30 hours and ampk is sort of days to weeks”