Exercise may involve the brain playing a more active role in driving circuit-specific effects, particularly when the individual is cognitively engaged and learning during the activity.

“I think when we're teasing apart these different types of exercise I think one of the questions to come up is we care about these different type of exercises because we do believe that there are circumstances certain circumstances where the brain may play a more active role meaning it's driving some circuit specific effect and what I mean by that is this whole idea for example if I'm more engaged in what I'm doing if I'm more top-down cognitively involved in in my process of moving through space and learning something then I may be activating certain circuits right and that activation of circuitry by virtue of using it harder may itself drive some of these benefits”