Peter Attia· MD
there is both the B and a t-cell response and we know this because we can test for antibodies in the serum of people with type 1 diabetes and they make unique antibodies against insulin and GAD glutamic acid decarboxylase as well as a protein tyrosine phosphatase called ICA 5:12 and so those antibodies are commonly used in the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes which we believe to be a t-cell disease but again that doesn't make any sense because antibodies are made by B cells so there must be some contribution and the the definitive proof of that was in a New England Journal article that was done by my friend the late mark Pesce vets and he used in a huge clinical trial rituximab which alters b-cell function