Freeze-drying removes liquid from cells directly into a gas via sublimation using pressure and cold.

“it's a uh it's both pressure and temperature um there are these instruments called lazers and um you know a lot of them use these sort of flat pans and so you would you know put your paste in this it's it's like baking you put your paste in this flat pan you slide into the laizer and then um over a period of time it's basically using temperature and cold to remove the liquid from the um uh kind of go through the sublimation process of removing the liquid from the cells directly into a gas”