The Human Genome Project and DNA sequencing advancements allow for the identification of disease-causing genetic mutations by comparing healthy and diseased individuals.

“the Human Genome Project was completed early 2000s and with the human genome having been sequenced and then also with DNA sequencing technology becoming cheaper and faster um scientists were able to start to sequence many many more genomes and so they can start to make comparisons between healthy individuals and also people who are affected by specific diseases to see what's different between their genomes and by doing that comparison they can identify the differences that may be causal for disease”