Mendelian randomization studies can provide credible estimates for nutritional signals.

“a second approach in the observational world or or between the observational and the randomized is mendelian randomization studies with the advent of genetics we have lots of genetic instruments that may be used to create designs that are fairly equivalent to a randomized design so you can get some estimates that are not perfect because mendelian randomization has its own assumptions and sometimes these are violated but at least i think that they go a step forward in terms of the credibility of the signals that you get”