DNA can be introduced into cells using viruses or by electroporation, which involves zapping cells with an electrical current to rupture their membranes and allow DNA entry.

“for DNA you can um just use a virus you can use a virus or you can uh if you're working with cells in the petri dish you can directly electroporate uh the DNA into the cell and this is done by zapping the cell with the electrical current it will rupture the membrane when the membrane ruptures things can leak in so if you have DNA that's outside the cell when the cell membrane ruptures the DNA that's outside the cell will flow into the inside the cell and get into the cell”