Sulforaphane conjugates with glutathione, glutathione-derived compounds, and acetylcysteine, and these conjugates also up-regulate Nrf2.

“He made the observation many, many years ago that, gee, when you think about how sulforaphane courses through the body, it winds up being excreted in the urine as either sulforaphane free and clear, or the majority of it comes out as its conjugates with glutathione, one of the main antioxidant peptides in the body. Glutathione or acetylcysteine sulforaphane, a variety of sort of antioxidant, glutathione-derived conjugates. And all of them have some activity in up-regulating Nrf2, also.”