Deliberate cold exposure leads to a prolonged rise in dopamine and norepinephrine above ba

Well SupportedDeliberate cold exposure can increase the release of catecholamines such as dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine, leading to improved mood for many hours afterward.

Well SupportedDeliberate cold exposure should feel uncomfortable and trigger a 'cold shock' response.

Well SupportedCold exposure causes a prolonged rise in dopamine and other catecholamines without a subsequent drop below baseline.

Well SupportedOne minute of being uncomfortably cold can create a prolonged release of dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine.