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Carnivore diet A-Z! Interview on HVMN

PS

Paul Saladino1h 43m · 2019-08-14

Support Rate

56%

97 of 174 claims supported

Support rate

97 of 174 claims supported

97 supported77 partial / not

Claims from this content

142

Well SupportedModerate protein intake for humans generally ranges from 0.7 to 1 gram per pound of lean body weight per day.Well SupportedInsulin resistance makes LDL 'stickier,' increasing cardiac risk, while individuals who are insulin sensitive show no increase in cardiac risk with higher LDL levels.Well SupportedAtherosclerosis is caused by the inflammatory response to oxidized cholesterol accumulation in macrophages within the artery wall.Well SupportedWhen Framingham data is not stratified by metrics associated with insulin resistance, LDL cholesterol shows a linear correlation with cardiovascular disease incidence.Well SupportedAn excess of methionine without sufficient glycine can be harmful.

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A. Volkovreader

4h

Bookmarking — the dossier-vs-overview split is the right call. Most of the time I want overview; sometimes I want receipts.

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N. Park

2d

Would love a "what would change this verdict" RSS feed. Sign me up if it exists.

Not SupportedSulforaphane may scavenge iodine and act as a goitrogen, with toxic effects.

Partially SupportedSulforaphane is released from glucoraphanin in crushed or chewed broccoli sprouts as a plant defense mechanism.

Well SupportedThe enzyme FMO3, which converts TMA to TMAO, is under the control of insulin and its activity increases in insulin-resistant individuals.

Well SupportedRestricting methionine for longevity is unnecessary; providing sufficient glycine is an alternative approach.

Well SupportedThe carnivore diet helped the speaker heal eczema by removing potential plant triggers and taught them about bioindividuality.

Well SupportedNatural folate precursors and riboflavin, abundant in organ meats like heart and liver, are crucial for supporting MTHFR function.

Well SupportedMuscle glycogen storage, utilization, and repletion are equivalent between ketogenic and high-carbohydrate ultra-endurance athletes who are keto-adapted.

Well SupportedAdequate riboflavin intake (e.g., 1.6mg, above RDA) may allow the MTHFR enzyme to function effectively, normalizing homocysteine levels even with the 677 C to T variant.

Not SupportedThe idea that diverticulosis is caused by insufficient fiber intake is not supported by literature; higher fiber intake is associated with more diverticulosis.

Not SupportedResveratrol reduces circulating androgen precursors without affecting testosterone levels, which is considered a negative effect.

Well SupportedThere is no evidence that meat is harmful for humans, and interventional trials with increased amounts of animal foods show benefits.

Well SupportedCholine supplementation has been shown to improve non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and choline deficiency can cause fatty liver.

Not SupportedThe evidence for fiber preventing colon cancer is non-existent, with studies showing no change in the recurrence rate of colonic adenomas with fiber supplementation.

Not SupportedResveratrol has been a failure in human longevity trials despite showing promise in invertebrates and mice.

Well SupportedFish contains significantly higher preformed TMAO (40x more) than historically associated with cardiovascular disease.

Well SupportedA well-constructed carnivore diet following a nose-to-tail template is the ideal diet for all humans, with some individuals able to tolerate additional plant foods.

Well SupportedPaul Saladino's eczema and asthma improved significantly after adopting a carnivore diet, eliminating plant and fungal foods.

Not SupportedSulforaphane is a toxin that is directly harmful and not beneficial, despite activating Nrf2 and glutathione production.

Not SupportedResveratrol has failed in human trials for conditions like non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome, and in the latter, it worsened dysglycemia.

Well SupportedThe ketogenic diet has been associated with severe lipid perturbations, including elevated total cholesterol and LDL-C.

Well SupportedLiver is rich in copper and complements muscle meat, which is high in zinc, and both are needed.

Well SupportedVegetarians have reduced carnitine levels and transport, which is problematic as carnitine is essential for human functioning.

Well SupportedPlant molecules can have side effects when they interact with human biology.

Not SupportedThe assertion that plant fiber is necessary to prevent the digestion of the mucus layer in the gut has not been demonstrated.

Not SupportedHumans do not need fiber in their diet, and there is no evidence that fiber benefits the human diet or positively changes the microbiome.

Well SupportedButyrate is not the only short-chain fatty acid usable by colonic epithelial cells and can be produced in low or zero fiber environments.

Well SupportedInsulin resistance increases the expression of the APO C3 gene, which is associated with longevity.

Not SupportedExcluding genome-wide association studies from analysis presents a different picture of LDL's role in cardiovascular health.

Well SupportedDr. Paul Saladino has used a nose-to-tail carnivore diet to reverse untreatable autoimmunity, chronic inflammation, and mental health issues in hundreds of patients.

Well SupportedA carnivore diet leads to significant health improvements for most people, with the option to add plants based on tolerance.

Not SupportedExcess zinc intake without sufficient copper can lead to copper deficiency, causing neurological symptoms similar to B12 deficiency.

Partially SupportedThe fundamental question regarding LDL cholesterol is whether it is inherently atherogenic or damaging to the endothelium.

Well SupportedIn Asian cultures, populations that consume the most meat exhibit the longest lifespans and lowest rates of cardiovascular disease and cancer.

Well SupportedA study found a positive association between red meat consumption and telomere length.

Not SupportedEpidemiological studies cannot definitively answer questions about the health effects of specific foods like meat.

Well SupportedInsulin resistance can increase apoE and proteoglycans, contributing to atherosclerosis.

Well SupportedLDL particles of any size can enter the sub-endothelial space of blood vessels.

Not SupportedDaily long-term use of ibuprofen can lead to stomach ulcers and kidney issues due to its effect on prostaglandin synthesis.

Not SupportedFiber does not improve the quality of stool, reduce pain with passing stool, decrease the need for laxatives, or lessen bleeding associated with constipation.

Not SupportedIncreasing fiber intake is not necessarily required for a healthy microbiome, and decreasing fiber does not automatically lead to an unhealthy microbiome.

Partially SupportedIndividuals with the APOE4 genotype may have concerns related to insulin problems rather than saturated fat intake, particularly concerning neurological conditions.

Not SupportedCurcumin has potential side effects, including affecting the p53 tumor suppressor gene, thyroid oxido-reductase, topoisomerase 3, and potassium channels.

Partially SupportedPaul Saladino's organic Paleo diet did not resolve his eczema.

Well SupportedA nose-to-tail carnivore diet is hypothesized to be the basic or optimal diet for the vast majority of humans.

Not SupportedWithout insulin resistance or a sticky subendothelial space, there is no compelling evidence to worry about higher LDL levels.

Not SupportedTurmeric's anti-inflammatory properties do not fix the underlying problem causing inflammation.

Partially SupportedAn animal-based carnivore diet can be a powerful intervention for fixing diseases not addressed by the Western Medical system.

Partially SupportedHistological examination in a study on mice lacking fiber showed no pathological changes indicative of inflammation, despite a reduction in the mucus layer.

Not SupportedConsuming 300-400 grams of protein daily can be dangerous for individuals with urea cycle enzyme polymorphisms.

Not SupportedMetformin can decrease testosterone levels in men by improving insulin sensitivity and altering ovarian function.

Partially SupportedPeople who consume more red meat in epidemiological studies may also engage in more unhealthy behaviors, confounding the results.

Partially SupportedKetogenic athletes burn significantly more fat than carbohydrate-fueled athletes, providing a larger energy reserve for endurance.

Partially SupportedAn individual's capacity to excrete urea, a genetically determined trait, influences their safe protein intake threshold.

Partially SupportedElevated TMAO levels from insulin resistance or kidney disease differ from those caused by choline and carnitine intake.

Partially SupportedObservational studies on meat consumption are confounded by unhealthy accompaniments.

Partially SupportedThe body's supersaturation with LDL particles suggests LDL particle number reflects an underlying issue rather than being a direct cause of atherosclerosis.

Partially SupportedThere are approximately 10^18 LDL particles and 10^20 HDL particles per liter of blood.

Partially SupportedLDL cholesterol has important roles in immune function, quorum sensing, delivering fat-soluble vitamins and coenzyme Q10, and as cellular membrane components.

Not SupportedFiber does not have a documented satiety effect and can inhibit the digestion and absorption of nutrients from other foods.

Partially SupportedTMAO is likely a marker for insulin resistance rather than a direct cause of cardiovascular disease.

Partially SupportedInterventional trials using isolated milk or beef protein do not show animal protein to be inflammatory, cause DNA damage, or negatively impact gut health.

Partially SupportedResveratrol is a phytoalexin that plants produce for self-defense.

Not SupportedLDL is unlikely to be inherently toxic within the biological systems it evolved in.

Not SupportedLDL particle counts and MRIs are not necessary for assessing cardiovascular risk; basic lipid panel metrics are sufficient.

Partially SupportedOne study found higher calprotectin in the plant protein group compared to the animal protein group.

Not SupportedMetformin, resveratrol, and NMN may have significant harm in individuals who are otherwise optimizing their health.

Not SupportedRestricting choline and carnitine may negatively impact population health and worsen non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Partially SupportedMost individuals on ketogenic and carnivore diets are insulin sensitive, suggesting higher LDL levels may not pose a significant cardiac risk.

Partially SupportedEnvironmental factors such as toxins, pesticides, and glyphosate may contribute to increased gut permeability and trigger autoimmune issues.

Well SupportedPlant-based eaters produced butyrate and had different gut microflora compared to animal-based eaters.

Partially SupportedConsuming the whole animal, including muscle meat, organs, and collagenous tissues, provides a balanced nutritional profile.

Partially SupportedPolyphenols are plant defense chemicals produced by plants to protect themselves from insects and fungi.

Partially SupportedSome studies have shown an increased rate of tubular adenoma recurrence in individuals given psyllium husk fiber supplements.

Partially SupportedGenetic variation may make some individuals feel better with the inclusion of some plants in their diet.

Well SupportedCarbohydrates are beneficial for activities like marathon running that deplete glycogen stores for over 1.5 to 2 hours at a certain percentage of VO2 max.

Not SupportedEating insufficient protein is detrimental.

Partially SupportedPlant molecules like resveratrol and curcumin have side effects that are often not emphasized or disclosed.

Partially SupportedThere is individual variation in how many plants humans can tolerate without sickness or accelerated illness.

Partially SupportedLDL cholesterol levels can increase due to higher saturated fat intake or the presence of ketones.

Well SupportedRestrictive plant-based diets can lead to micronutrient and/or protein deficiencies.

Partially SupportedAnimals are the most nutritious food for humans, even if factory farmed.

Partially SupportedLow stomach acid and digestive enzyme issues can lead to an inability to digest red meat and potential zinc deficiency.

Partially SupportedConsuming more than 20-25% of daily calories from protein offers no additional benefit.

Partially SupportedAthletes may consciously sacrifice metabolic health for immediate performance gains.

Partially SupportedZinc deficiency can lead to stomach acid problems, immune system issues, and impairs wound healing.

Partially SupportedSaturated fat, including from ketogenic diets and red meat, can raise LDL cholesterol.

Partially SupportedLifestyle, particularly food choices, is the most significant factor for health optimization, and changing diet is more powerful than using molecules like metformin, resveratrol, or sulforaphane.

Partially SupportedMetformin may offer benefits for individuals with a standard American diet, obesity, or unwillingness to change lifestyle, where risks might be outweighed by benefits.

Partially SupportedIn the UK Shoppers study, the death rate ratio between vegetarians and omnivores with healthy behaviors was the same.

Partially SupportedSome individuals on a carnivore diet may be nearing the liver's capacity to convert nitrogen into urea, potentially feeling better with more fat intake.

Partially SupportedMolecules can be beneficial for achieving optimal healthspan and lifespan, even if it means sacrificing other health metrics.

Partially SupportedThe Heidelberg test is the best method for assessing stomach acid levels, and pH capsule endoscopy can also be used.

Partially SupportedSome interventional studies show an increase in LDL cholesterol with meat consumption compared to plant-based protein.

Partially SupportedAn intake of 25-30% protein, providing over 200 grams for a 3000 calorie diet, is sufficient for anabolic function, exceeding the typical minimum RDA.

Partially SupportedElevated TMAO is likely caused by diabetes and kidney disease, implying reverse causality where TMAO is a consequence of insulin resistance, not a cause of cardiovascular disease.

Partially SupportedInsulin resistance leads to increased FMO3 production and potentially higher TMAO levels.

Partially SupportedNutritional ketosis can be achieved with a glucose level of 64 mg/dL and ketones of 2.3 mmol/L approximately 1.5 hours post-prandial after increasing fat intake to 75% of total calories.

Partially SupportedFish contain significantly more pre-formed TMAO than the TMAO produced from choline and carnitine in an equivalent amount of meat.

Partially SupportedHaving the metabolic machinery for ketosis is crucial for endurance athletes, as lacking it can lead to trouble.

Partially SupportedConsume enough protein for muscle maintenance and fuel the body with fat rather than using excess protein as fuel.

Partially SupportedA well-run interventional study comparing nose-to-tail carnivore, ketogenic, paleo, standard American, vegan, and vegetarian diets would be a game-changer for understanding human nutrition.

Not SupportedEpidemiological studies associating increased red meat consumption with cardiovascular disease and shorter lifespan may reflect healthy user bias rather than a direct causal link.

Partially SupportedThe gut microbiome can shift rapidly, with significant divergence observed within one week between individuals on a carnivorous diet and those on a plant-based diet.

Partially SupportedThe carnivore diet, emphasizing nose-to-tail animal consumption, may be an optimal diet for humans.

Partially SupportedNo known polymorphism prevents individuals from thriving on a carnivore diet.

Partially SupportedIf the human body does not produce a molecule or use it as a vitamin or mineral, it is likely to cause side effects.

Partially SupportedBone marrow provides DHA and potentially unique neurotrophic factors, while bones are a good source of calcium.

Partially SupportedThere is a higher incidence of autoimmune disease due to changes in food structure, pesticides, and toxins.

Partially SupportedApproximately 30% of the population is carb tolerant.

Partially SupportedAn ideal athlete might be keto-adapted and use carbohydrates strategically for specific events.

Not SupportedThe benefits of metformin can be achieved through intermittent fasting and ketosis without side effects like reduced testosterone, B12 deficiency, or lactic acidosis.

Partially SupportedConnective tissue is a source of glycine.

Partially SupportedAthletes may benefit from periodizing their diet, including training fasted or ketogenic at times and being fully fueled at others.

Partially SupportedCyclists in long races like the Tour de France can become ketogenic towards the end of the race.

Partially SupportedA carnivore diet can range from simple meat inclusion for cleansing to a nutrient-dense approach including all animal parts.

Partially SupportedIncreasing protein relative to fat may be beneficial for weight loss on a ketogenic or carnivore diet, while a higher proportion of fat is preferred for performance or body composition maintenance.

Partially SupportedCarnivore or less antigenic diets are expected to improve immunological, inflammatory, psychological, and mental health measures over time.

Partially SupportedEating the whole animal, including organs and connective tissues, provides a more robust and comprehensive collection of vitamins and minerals compared to a diet of just muscle meat.

Partially SupportedAn animal-based diet is expected to show lower inflammatory markers and fewer GI issues.

Partially SupportedEpidemiological data associating red meat consumption with increased cardiovascular disease risk and mortality is a critique of the carnivore diet.

Partially SupportedCorrelation between increased red meat consumption and a shorter lifespan does not imply causation.

Not SupportedEpidemiological studies are designed to generate hypotheses, not establish causality, and their use as definitive evidence is a mistake.

Not SupportedEpidemiological studies linking red meat to negative health outcomes are based on flawed survey, food recall, and memory methods.

Partially SupportedMany individuals who believe they have low stomach acid may have other issues and unnecessarily take supplements like betaine HCl or bitters.

Partially SupportedSupplementing with HCl may be beneficial for low stomach acid in the short term, but is not recommended long-term.

Partially SupportedAncestors understood that meat and animal products were vital for health, consuming alternatives like potatoes or bread only when animal products were unavailable.

Partially SupportedMany individuals may consume more protein than necessary and could function well on less protein and more fat.

Not SupportedThe conclusion that a lack of certain gut bacteria indicates an unhealthy microbiome is an over-extrapolation due to lacking clinical data.

Not SupportedEpidemiological studies may fail to detect the signal of meat consumption when it is combined with alcohol and sugar in the Western diet.

Not SupportedThe historical popularization of fiber may have originated from Kellogg's goal to reduce libido, and subsequent data has not been compelling.

Not SupportedCorrelation does not equal causation, and epidemiological studies often fail to adhere to this basic concept.

Partially SupportedAutoimmune conditions like autism, celiac disease, and general autoimmune issues are increasing in incidence.

Partially SupportedA moderate amount of carbohydrates can be sufficient to cause insulin resistance in many people.

Not SupportedEpidemiological studies correlating LDL with cardiovascular events may confuse correlation with causation.

Not SupportedHDL particles are not atherogenic and exist at a much higher concentration than LDL particles, challenging the cholesterol hypothesis.

Not SupportedThe Fourier trial showed a large number of cardiac events despite very low LDL levels achieved with statins and PCSK9 inhibitors, suggesting LDL is not the primary driver of risk.

Partially SupportedDefining 'optimal' requires nuance, as it can vary based on individual goals, such as healthspan, longevity, cognitive function, or athletic performance, where trade-offs may be necessary.