The evidence is convergent. Multiple independent sources reach the same conclusion, the underlying mechanism is well-characterized, and even the field's most cautious voices treat it as worth doing.
The subjects receiving caffeine reported feeling more stimulated, anxious, and motivated than the subjects that received the placebo. Okay. But the ones that expected Adderall reported stronger amphetamine effects. So they felt much more high. They performed better on a working memory test. And in general, they had all the increased cognitive effects that would have been seen with Adderall but they were only ingesting caffeine.
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Bookmarking — the dossier-vs-overview split is the right call. Most of the time I want overview; sometimes I want receipts.
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Talk about how some of the effects of Adderall can be created purely cognitively without actually ingesting Adderall, simply by telling people they're ingesting Adderall giving them caffeine.
the subjects receiving caffeine reported feeling more stimulated anxious and motivated than the subjects that received the placebo okay but the ones that expected Aderall reported stronger amphetamine effects they performed better on a working memory test and in general they had all the increased cognitive effects that would have been seen with adol but they were only ingesting caffeine
it led to heightened performance simply because the students thought they were getting Aderall
What they did is they gave college students either Placebo essentially nothing or 200 milligrams of caffeine 200 milligrams of caffeine is about what's in a typical coffee like a medium coffee that you would buy a drip coffee so they took 65 undergraduate students in college they randomized them to either Placebo or caffeine and they told them that they were either getting caffeine or adero