The four major causes of death for people in OECD nations who outlive youth are ASCVD, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic diseases.

“So lifespan is the easiest of those vectors to understand, because it's pretty binary. You're alive or you're not alive. You're respiring or you're not. You make ATP or you don't, end of story. So what gets in the way of lifespan is essentially the four horsemen of disease, right? So atherosclerotic disease, cancer, neurodegenerative disease, and metabolic disease, which directly isn't the cause of many deaths, but basically creates the foundation to all of those other diseases.”