The evidence is convergent. Multiple independent sources reach the same conclusion, the underlying mechanism is well-characterized, and even the field's most cautious voices treat it as worth doing.
now I should note that there was more recently a replication attempt of that paper and they did very good job they really did it to the letter and they weren't able to replicate the effects as powerfully however subsequent Studies have now taken a more nuanced approach and it's the one that we've taken too and it's called closed loop stimulation
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they started to stimulate the brain inputting the stimulation pulses at a very slow Rhythm trying to match the rhythm of the brain in fact they were less than one Hertz less than one cycle per second in terms of a pulse... sure enough what they demonstrated they were able to boost the electrical quality of that deep sleep by about 60% and they were also able to almost double the amount of memory benefit that sleep provided
closed loop does do that so what I'm doing is I'm measuring the electrical brain waves that occurring and because they're nice and slow they're very predictable and I can program my algorithm and my brain stimulation machine to say I'm going to wait and wait and as soon as you are on this peak of your slow wave it turns out to be the negative trough but I'll forgo that we then try to strike at that point of midnight when you're going through the biggest sort of powerful sort of dip in the the brain wave and we're trying to sort of enhance it and same with the peak so this is where we take a we get a stimulus from the brain your electrical brain activity and then we create a timed response so it's a stimulus response it's a call and response Loop and by way of doing that it's a much smarter specific method than a more generalized I'm just going to stimulate and hope I catch those waves at the Peaks
once again they boosted the size of those deep sleep brain waves they also improve those more quick burst of activity the sleep spindles and now sure enough they were able to improve memory
the electrical stimulation of the deep sleep of older adults which is diminished by fifty to eighty percent but giving them an electrical sort of you know stimulation to try and every time they have a deep slow-wave boosts the size of that slow wave and in doing so try to almost double the amount of memory benefit that you get from sleep
if you can try to essentially electrically sing in time with deep sleep brain waves you can boost the amplitude and the size of those deep sleep brain waves