Children's ability to defend core temperature during cold exposure differs from adults due to their smaller mass and higher surface area to mass ratio.

“the boys in this study could actually defend the core temperature in same way as the adults could but they had to use their muscles way faster so it means that they couldn't stay for as long uh and they use more energy to defend their core temperature compared to the to the adults but for one minute it seems that they could actually comp but they will be colder when they then come out because they are smaller in their Mass to their Rao right so it means that if the surface is so large on children and their mass and muscles being smaller to that ratio it means that they can be in the water uh less time before they get hypothermic”