Standardizing menstrual cycle phases, hormone profiles, ovulation timing, and contraceptive use has historically been a major barrier to conducting research in female participants.

“one of the biggest reasons why we don't have as much data in female participants is because of the challenge associated with standardizing the testing and the training and the recruitment for people with equal length phases and standardizing ovulation timing and excluding people who are on contraceptives and it it adds in a whole study on top of a study.”