The evidence is convergent. Multiple independent sources reach the same conclusion, the underlying mechanism is well-characterized, and even the field's most cautious voices treat it as worth doing.
And this idea that the body is constantly signaling to the brain about the status of the body and the varying needs of the brain to update its brain circuitry, is a really attractive idea that fits entirely with the biology of exercise, osteocalcin, and hippocampal function.
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And osteocalcin appears to be at least one way in which that brain-body relationship is established and maintained.
So they're effectively acting as hormones. And one such chemical is something called osteocalcin.
now osteocalcin is therefore a really interesting molecule Right comes from Bones travels to the brain improves functioning of the hippocampus which is important for learning in memory that's amazing and it does so in part through the actions of something that most of you perhaps have heard of which is called bdnf or brain derived neutrophic Factor
it seems that a lot of the effects of bdnf on the brain that are caused by doing exercise and that benefit us in terms of short and long-term memory our ability to encode new things and remember them for long periods of time to resist age related degeneration because that's the case indeed that our hippocampus decreases in volume over time as we age just natur natur even in somebody that doesn't have Alzheimer's dementia and exercise can adjust the slope of that decline significantly provided there's enough exercise and the appropriate exercise I don't think all but many of the effects of bdnf appear to be mediated by osteocalcin
Osteocalcin is an incredible molecule animal studies that were done mainly at Columbia school of medicine but later also at Columbia and elsewhere in humans have shown that osteocalcin is released from the bones during exercise both in mice and in humans travels to the brain so it can cross the bloodb brain barrier and there it can encourage the growth of neurons and their connections within the hip hi a campus an area of the brain that's vitally important for the encoding of new memories and there are some data not a ton but there's some data which suggests that perhaps I want to highlight underscore and bold face perhaps can increase the number of neurons in the so-called dentate gyrus of the hippocampus to allow even better capacity for memory