Black cohosh has been shown in 13 peer-reviewed studies to cause minor increases in estrogen and modest decreases in menopause-related symptoms.

“black cohosh, I think that's the correct pronunciation, it's literally the word black and then C-O-H-O-S-H, and it's very interesting, there are 13 peer-reviewed studies that have reached prominence in the kind of commercial landscape where this substance, black cohosh, has been promoted as a way to increase estrogen, turns out that the effects are consistent but are fairly minor, fairly minor increases in estrogen, so it does seem to be a real effect, it is significant over the placebo effect, but there's also a significant placebo effect in some of these studies as well”