The headline is broadly defensible, but the qualifications matter. Effect sizes vary by population, the strongest claims rest on shorter trials, and credible voices push back on how it's typically framed.
Epinephrine cannot, epinephrine is polarized, the shape of it is such that it can't make it through the blood brain barrier. That's one of the reasons why it's released both from the adrenals in your body and released from this brainstem area, the locus coeruleus in your brain. That's a powerful thing, because what it means is that the body can enter states of readiness and alertness while the mind remains calm.
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Within our brain we have a little brain area called locus coeruleus, which is in the back of the brain. Which has the opportunity to sprinkler the rest of the brain with the neuromodulator epinephrine, adrenaline, as well as norepinephrine, a related neuromodulator. And to essentially wake up or create a state of alertness throughout the brain.
now here's a key thing to understand adrenaline epinephrine does not cross the bloodb brain barrier so the adrenaline from our adrenals doesn't actually get into the brain to stimulate elevated levels of alertness rather it acts on receptors on the vagus nerve again the vagus nerve communicates with the brain