Women have historically been understudied in medical research, leading to assumptions that findings in men apply to women.

“there was the thalidomide issue and I believe there were I think they were maybe doing studies or something where women were involved and obviously birth defects and horrible things happened and they sort of took women virtually off the table in terms of studying and so there's a long period of time where it was I think men were predominantly being studied and with subjects of yeah yeah we would just sort of assume that whatever is we see in the men we might see in the women”