The evidence is convergent. Multiple independent sources reach the same conclusion, the underlying mechanism is well-characterized, and even the field's most cautious voices treat it as worth doing.
there is an association in our behaviors of those who shun meat or eat less meat than those who do more quote healthy behaviors like being in the sun exercising getting colonoscopies and mammograms and they tend to have a socioeconomic status so this is what we call sort of the healthy user bias
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this is the problem with observational studies and hopefully everyone listening to this understands that these are not studies where there's an actual control group and an experiment usually but it's a group of people who tend to associate behaviors
this is actually a really good illustration of what you might consider to be healthy user bias
this is actually a really good illustration of what you might consider to be healthy user bias and so when you account for this and you compare british vegetarians to british omnivores who have healthy behaviors who are higher socioeconomic status who have a low prevalence of smoking then you see similar rates of death and mortality
who eats more salads who eats more vegetables generally people have higher socioeconomic status who can afford to eat those foods that are much lower in calories and still have enough food to feed their families
selection bias is is is a big one uh so so I think when I think about observational studies whether they be prospective or um retrospective the healthy user bias I think is one of the more common ones we see in the epidemiology as it pertains to health