It is difficult to distinguish between adverse effects in offspring conceived via assisted reproduction caused by the technology and pre-existing fertility issues of the parents.

“it's it's a little tricky because for example if you use the sperm of an infertile couple and you see let's say say the sun is is subfertile that's born that way um but you do it you know in a test tube or whatever and then you can say well maybe um that's because the father was infertile and he's got inheritance from his father from that you know you know what I'm saying so you can't know whether the if you see an adverse effect in in an offspring you have to be very careful that it's not something that they've gotten because of problems that led the couple to seek assisted reproduction”