Cancer can arise from mutations in genes that impair DNA repair or activate signaling molecules, creating differences that the immune system can recognize.

“so that so that's the beginning right I mean it's this kind of sampling if you will like you said of the of the inner contents um uh and and so that that's important to recognize because you know if you kind of start with this core principle that cancer is a quote unquote genetic disease meaning that mutations that happen in key genes that um disable cell's ability to repair DNA damage as a common um you know feature of cancers for example or mutations that activate some of those surface receptors or Downstream signaling molecules that we talked about before um those um mutations we've learned in recent years can be seen as different”