Supercentenarians often have loss-of-function mutations in genes like IGF-1 and growth hormone, leading to proteins that work less effectively than normal.

“we found clusters of mutations in the IGF receptor those were new mutations that haven't been found before but we found him in nine of our centenarians which was 2% of our centenarians and that was kind of a proof of concept for us that that clusters of mutations that are functional is what we really need to look for”