Does animal protein shorten our life span? With James Clement

PS

Paul Saladino1h 59m · 2020-01-14

Claims Made

191

Claims Supported

144

Support Rate

75%

Support rate

144 of 191 claims supported

144 supported47 partial / not

Claims from this content

169

Well SupportedFor healthy, active individuals, 20 grams of protein per meal is optimal for maximizing muscle protein synthesis for up to four to five hours post-meal.Well SupportedAncestral Supplements produces freeze-dried organ meat supplements in convenient gelatin capsules, sourced from grass-fed, grass-finished animals in New Zealand.Well SupportedRegenerative agriculture where cows graze land in an ancestrally consistent manner can sequester more carbon into the soil than they produce.Well SupportedCreatine supplementation has been shown to improve card sorting and memory tasks in creatine-deficient vegetarians.Well Supported

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A. Volkovreader

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Bookmarking — the dossier-vs-overview split is the right call. Most of the time I want overview; sometimes I want receipts.

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Would love a "what would change this verdict" RSS feed. Sign me up if it exists.

A protein intake of 1 gram per pound of bodyweight is considered healthy and not excessive.

Well SupportedLeucine activates muscle protein synthesis primarily through the mTOR pathway.

Not SupportedThe Blue Zones construct is flawed because it cherry-picks regions and ignores populations with higher longevity on dissimilar diets.

Well SupportedNative deodorant is an effective aluminum-free deodorant that does not cause unpleasant odor.

Well SupportedLongevity escape velocity is the point where scientific advancements extend life by more than one year for every year lived.

Well SupportedCarnivore dieters report low IGF-1 levels, with fasting levels ranging from 70-90 ng/mL, potentially indicating lower mTOR activation.

Not SupportedHunter-gatherers do not necessarily live short lives; high infant and childhood mortality rates can be conflated with adult lifespan.

Well SupportedMaintaining a high protein intake, such as 1 gram per pound of body weight, is important when restricting calories to protect lean muscle mass.

Well SupportedOn a carnivore diet, blood glucose levels are typically flat throughout the day, making CGM less essential unless for curiosity.

Well SupportedHbA1c is a direct measurement of glycation used to assess blood sugar levels over three months, including postprandial states.

Well SupportedInterpreting blood work should involve triangulating fasting insulin, fasting glucose, and hemoglobin A1c, or using a CGM.

Well SupportedNative deodorant is formulated without aluminum, parabens, and talc, using natural ingredients.

Well SupportedAlternating between anabolic and catabolic states is a sensible physiological approach for humans.

Not SupportedThe Blue Zones concept is a fallacy based on cherry-picked data.

Well SupportedBone mineral density, visceral fat, and appendicular lean mass index/fat-free mass index are more important health metrics from a DEXA scan than body fat percentage.

Not SupportedPlant-based diets may be less nutrient-rich than animal-based diets and might require supplementation.

Well SupportedEnvironmental hormesis, including ketosis, fasting, sunlight, exercise, heat stress, and cold stress, can activate Nrf2 without collateral damage.

Well SupportedIndigenous peoples often exhibit a squared mortality curve, maintaining vitality longer before a precipitous decline at death, contrasting with the steady decline in vitality observed in Western populations.

Well SupportedMutations that reduce growth hormone or IGF-1, or result in dwarfism, are associated with increased lifespan in some animal models.

Partially SupportedJames Clement's fasting glucose levels are relatively low.

Well SupportedHuman dwarfs with Laron syndrome have less cancer and diabetes.

Partially SupportedIndividuals should aim for IGF-1 levels below the population mean, ideally around 100-120.

Not SupportedBlue Zones are not uniquely healthy, as evidenced by poor sperm quality in one area and similar longevity in meat-eating populations.

Partially SupportedConstant eating, eating at all hours, and snacking without a time-restricted feeding window keeps mTOR activated and prevents autophagy.

Not SupportedProtein is not inherently damaging to the kidneys in individuals with normal renal function.

Partially SupportedEliminating processed foods, specifically refined carbohydrates and vegetable/seed oils, is the primary driver of health improvement for most people.

Not SupportedConsuming 300-400 grams of protein daily can be dangerous for individuals with urea cycle enzyme polymorphisms.

Partially SupportedMonocrop agriculture and plant-based burgers are carbon positive, unlike regenerative agriculture with grazing animals.

Partially SupportedNo vegetarians were found among Okinawan centenarians in surveys from 1975-1976.

Partially SupportedIntermittent hypoxia, experienced by some centenarians through smoking, may activate autophagy and cellular repair mechanisms.

Not SupportedExtended fasting, including multi-day fasts, may be detrimental to lifespan by depleting the stem cell pool.

Partially SupportedOkinawans with better life expectancy had lower carbohydrate intake compared to Akita Prefecture residents in a 1992 study.

Partially SupportedCompressing the eating window on a carnivore diet allows for precise control over mTOR activation and periods without ketosis due to sufficient protein intake.

Partially SupportedPostprandial glucose is the best proxy for measuring endogenous AGE formation due to the lack of credible AGE reader machines.

Partially SupportedEndogenous formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is more damaging than exogenous consumption, and postprandial glucose excursions are the best proxy for endogenous AGE formation.

Partially SupportedAdequate lean muscle mass is crucial for insulin sensitivity, glucose disposal, and avoiding frailty and sarcopenia.

Well SupportedSupercentenarians often have loss-of-function mutations in genes like IGF-1 and growth hormone, leading to proteins that work less effectively than normal.

Not SupportedFrom a hormonal perspective, calorie restriction and smaller feeding windows are not the optimal way for humans to lose weight.

Partially SupportedIndividuals can optimize their metabolic health by self-testing glucose and ketone levels, and by obtaining blood panels that include IGF-1.

Partially SupportedObservational data showing centenarians are predominantly two-pack-a-day smokers would challenge established understanding of smoking's risks.

Partially SupportedIndigenous populations who survived to older ages likely had better health than modern populations when accounting for factors like infant mortality, infectious disease, sanitation issues, famine, and accidental death.

Well SupportedA short fasting period of 1-3 days may be sufficient to activate human longevity-survival mechanisms.

Well SupportedHighly social centenarians with strong community ties contribute to their longevity.

Partially SupportedThere is evidence linking vegetable oils and refined carbohydrates to health problems.

Partially SupportedPlant foods do not contain significant amounts of vitamin K2, creatine, taurine, carnitine, carnosine, or 4-hydroxyproline.

Partially SupportedMany individuals on a carnivore diet maintain muscle mass, suggesting ketogenic or low-carbohydrate diets do not necessarily lead to sarcopenia.

Partially SupportedOverstimulation of IGF-1 and mTOR should be avoided.

Partially SupportedJames Clement's fasting insulin levels are typically below 5 or even below 4.

Partially SupportedMetabolic health can be assessed by monitoring IGF-1 (ideally below the mean, around 100-120), fasting glucose, fasting insulin, postprandial glucose excursions, fasting ketones, and HbA1c.

Partially SupportedIGF-1 is a biomarker associated with protein intake and is part of the growth hormone and mTOR pathways.

Partially SupportedDe novo lipogenesis is triggered by nutrient excess when liver glycogen is full, involving citrate signaling, reactive oxygen species generation, and visceral adipose tissue storage.

Partially SupportedA balance between anabolic and catabolic states is necessary for human health.

Partially SupportedMeasuring morning ketone levels can indicate liver glycogen status; zero or trace ketones suggest depleted liver glycogen overnight.

Partially SupportedDepleting liver glycogen overnight is not detrimental and can facilitate cellular 'housecleaning'.

Partially SupportedA vegan diet can be maintained while achieving a catabolic state and its benefits by avoiding high-glycemic foods.

Partially SupportedThe median age for men and women in the general population is in the low eighties or lower, partly due to teenage accidents and drug abuse.

Partially SupportedIndigenous individuals who survived to 50 years old had similar chances of reaching 80 or 90 as Westerners, but without associated health issues like hypertension, heart disease, and cancer.

Partially SupportedPathologically high blood glucose can lead to a state where the body only stores fat and senescent adipose tissue releases pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Partially SupportedIn healthy obese individuals, a low-carbohydrate, high-protein weight-loss diet over two years showed no noticeably harmful effects on GFR, albuminuria, or fluid and electrolyte balance compared to a low-fat diet.

Partially SupportedCentenarians might have loss-of-function mutations that protect them, allowing them to tolerate higher meat intake by receiving less value from IGF-1, growth hormone, or protein, thus preserving stem cells and preventing sarcopenia.

Partially SupportedDEXA scans can reveal asymmetrical muscle development, such as significant upper body development with underdeveloped legs.

Partially SupportedA study comparing meat eaters, reduced meat intake, and no meat intake showed that the highest meat consumers also consumed the most fat and carbohydrates.

Partially SupportedMonitoring IGF-1 levels and blood sugar is important for individuals to manage their metabolic state and switch between anabolic and catabolic states.

Not SupportedExcessive protein consumption can be detrimental to kidney function, especially in individuals with pre-existing kidney problems.

Partially SupportedConsuming only very lean meat without adequate fats can lead to illness.

Partially SupportedLongevity in Blue Zones may be attributable to genetics and lifestyle practices like avoiding snacking, rather than the absence of meat.

Partially SupportedAnimal protein should be viewed as a powerful medicine to be used strategically and not overconsumed.

Partially SupportedIndividuals who reached 50 years old in a specific population had the same likelihood of reaching 80 or 90 as Westerners, but without health issues like hypertension, heart disease, or cancer.

Partially SupportedTaking 25-50mg of DHEA in the morning can suppress the stress response and normalize blood sugar levels during stressful activities.

Partially SupportedUnderstanding molecular biology, particularly cellular switches, can inform dietary and lifestyle decisions for health.

Partially SupportedSupercentenarians are typically short and of light weight.

Partially SupportedEnvironmental hormesis, such as from controlled breath-holding or exercise, may provide beneficial physiological changes.

Partially SupportedMeasuring fasting glucose daily can provide insight into how ingested foods and other factors affect blood sugar levels.

Partially SupportedFasting IGF-1 levels should be checked frequently in practice.

Partially SupportedExcess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a potential indicator of impaired insulin sensitivity.

Partially SupportedA carnivore diet with a compressed feeding window may support longevity by depleting liver glycogen and inducing autophagy.

Partially SupportedCycling protein intake between higher and lower amounts may be beneficial for longevity, potentially inducing states like autophagy without prolonged fasting.

Partially SupportedGood quality animal protein provides essential nutrients like zinc, carnitine, choline, and carnosine, which are often missing in plant-based diets.

Partially SupportedMonitor metrics like IGF-1, ketones, CGM, and fasting blood glucose to determine optimal protein intake cycling timeframes.

Partially SupportedA protein-sparing modified fast can lead to rapid fat loss and improved insulin sensitization but is not recommended for long-term use.

Partially SupportedAfter eating a large protein meal, the body may enter a state of low-level ketosis, which then transitions to deeper ketosis overnight as liver glycogen is depleted, potentially activating autophagy.

Partially SupportedLong-lived populations may consume significant meat but avoid processed foods and practice fasting.

Partially SupportedA higher-fat, lower-carbohydrate diet with adequate protein can deplete liver glycogen, preserve lean muscle mass, and avoid issues with fat storage.

Partially SupportedA diet rich in vegetables and moderate in meat, without high amounts of pasta, rice, or bread, can lead to depleted liver glycogen overnight.

Partially SupportedVisceral adipose tissue releases pro-inflammatory cytokines that can negatively impact surrounding organs and contribute to senescence.

Partially SupportedWhen liver glycogen stores are full, the body tends to store fat, especially with excess calorie intake and low energy expenditure.

Partially SupportedA high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet can lead to weight loss if liver glycogen stores are consistently full and fat storage is limited.

Partially SupportedJames Clement discovered he had undesirably high levels of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) around his organs despite appearing lean.

Partially SupportedModern Western diets excessively promote the anabolic state without allowing for the catabolic state, leading to diseases of civilization.

Partially SupportedSustained high glycogen reserves and blood glucose levels above 110 can damage the inner lining of blood vessels.

Partially SupportedHigh blood sugar and subsequent glycation of proteins in the endothelial lining is the primary cause of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in Westerners, leading to arterial hardening.

Partially SupportedMedian amplitude of glucose excursions (MAGEs) are indicators of endogenous AGE formation and are correlated with endothelial dysfunction.

Partially SupportedThe simplicity of a carnivore diet helps people avoid confusing nutrition information.

Partially SupportedA carnivore diet is a good strategy because it is easy and eliminates the worst fast foods and high-carbohydrate items.

Partially SupportedThe described carnivore diet strategy is within the range of what could become a very healthy diet.

Partially SupportedA carnivore diet can serve as an effective elimination diet by removing unhealthy foods found in most grocery stores.

Partially SupportedPopulations like Okinawans and Icelanders eat a lot of meat and live long lives.

Partially SupportedThe IGF-1 and growth hormone signaling pathway is necessary for human body functions.

Partially SupportedLongevity escape velocity is defined as a future where for every year lived, medical science provides two additional years of future life.

Partially SupportedVegan and carnivore diets, as well as diets in between, can be routes to longevity and healthspan.

Partially SupportedJames Clement's research focuses on aging.

Partially SupportedModern humans can combine ancestral lifestyle benefits with modern knowledge to avoid diseases of civilization and live longer, healthier lives.

Partially SupportedModern people in Italy, Japan, and America living lifestyles and diets closer to the land demonstrate reduced rates of diseases of civilization.

Partially SupportedLowering blood sugar is the primary way to mitigate the detrimental effects of glucose molecules cross-linking with proteins.

Partially SupportedThe Masai people in Africa exhibit a compression of morbidity.

Partially SupportedDiet and eating patterns are primary causes of death in modern society.

Partially SupportedApproximately 20-30 individuals in the US live to be 110 years or older.

Not SupportedExcessive protein consumption without adequate fat or carbohydrates can lead to illness, as observed in historical accounts of rabbit starvation.

Partially SupportedIndigenous people in Northeast Canada were healthier with less consumption of refined carbohydrates the further they were from civilization.

Partially SupportedA higher-fat, lower-carbohydrate diet with a robust amount of protein is recommended.

Partially SupportedA calorie-restricted pure vegan diet with legumes and low-glycemic vegetables can lead to ketosis.

Partially SupportedProtein intake is not inherently damaging to the kidneys in individuals with normal renal function.

Partially SupportedIndividuals with Laron syndrome, despite protection from cancer and diabetes, do not have significantly extended lifespans or optimal health due to risky behaviors like smoking.

Partially SupportedHigh stress levels trigger a fight-or-flight response mediated by cortisol, leading the liver to produce significant amounts of glucose.

Partially SupportedThe combination of carbohydrates and fat, rather than either alone, is evolutionarily what has short-circuited human metabolism.

Partially SupportedInadequate androgen levels may contribute to overactive cortisol responses and problems with blood glucose control.

Partially SupportedJames Clement's fasting insulin levels have consistently been under 10 uIU/mL for two decades, suggesting no significant insulin resistance.

Partially SupportedA ketogenic diet, defined as 65% or more of 1500-2000 calories from healthy fats, can help the body burn fat and reduce adipose tissue surrounding visceral organs.

Partially SupportedVisceral adipose tissue (VAT) is very low in individuals on a carnivore diet, potentially due to improved insulin sensitivity.

Partially SupportedEating very low-glycemic healthy plants and vegetables, even in large quantities (1-2 pounds daily), results in minimal calorie intake and supports the ability to achieve ketosis through overnight fasting and exercise.

Not SupportedSustained mTOR suppression can lead to negative health consequences like reduced white blood cell count, muscle mass decrease, and impaired protein synthesis.

Not SupportedA 1919-1925 study on indigenous people in Northeast Canada was misinterpreted regarding fish consumption and cardiovascular health.

Partially SupportedPeriods of elevated IGF-1, potentially through high intake of BCAAs or leucine, may be necessary to restore stem cells, replenish the immune system, and build muscle.

Partially SupportedIndigenous people in Northeast Canada who consumed primarily fish had virtually no cardiovascular disease.

Partially SupportedLong-lived individuals often experience a 'squaring of the mortality curve,' remaining healthy until old age.

Partially SupportedMen who live past 109 years old may have historically had no significant health issues and may have never seen a doctor.

Partially SupportedSupercentenarian women can survive significant health events like cancer in their 80s and still live past 110.

Partially SupportedPapua New Guineans who adopted Westernized lifestyle habits experienced a deterioration in health.

Partially SupportedAdopting a Westernized diet with highly refined carbohydrates and high omega-6 fats increases morbidity and mortality risk.

Partially SupportedPaleolithic diets likely included significant amounts of fat, bone marrow, brain, and organs for quick energy.

Partially SupportedAvoiding late-night snacking and starting the day with something other than cereal or Pop-Tarts is important for health.

Not SupportedAdopting a Western-style diet can lead to health deterioration and increased morbidity and mortality risk.

Not SupportedEnvironmental hormesis, such as controlled breath-holding, may provide necessary hormetic benefits.

Partially SupportedA constant supply of glucose prevents the body from burning fat and leads to persistently full glycogen stores.

Partially SupportedDepleting liver glycogen stores shifts the body from an anabolic to a catabolic state, turning on self-repair mechanisms.

Partially SupportedWhen glycogen stores are full, the body preferentially stores fat because it has significantly larger energy reserves in fat compared to glucose.

Partially SupportedTraditional rural Midwestern diets combining low-glycemic plants and meat allowed individuals to live into their mid to late 90s.

Partially SupportedIndividuals with a genetic predisposition to diseases like cancer or heart disease may be less likely to survive into old age.

Partially SupportedLifestyle factors like play, community, activity, and avoidance of processed foods are likely shared by long-lived populations.

Not SupportedPoor food choices can ruin a diet and lead to negative health consequences.

Not SupportedAnimal protein is not bad for humans.

Partially SupportedJames Clement has maintained low fasting blood sugar, insulin, and IGF-1 levels since adopting a low-glycemic diet.

Partially SupportedOkinawans who emigrated to Honolulu and San Diego showed a deterioration in health after adopting Western-style diets for 5-10 years.

Partially SupportedHigh intakes of milk, fats, and oils had favorable effects on ten-year survivorship in urban Japanese residents aged 69-70 in a 1992 study.

Not SupportedA diet that is ketogenic or low-carbohydrate may lead to muscle wasting if it does not provide sufficient protein.

Partially SupportedLean game meats were difficult for 18th-century pioneers to eat due to their leanness, leading them to prefer fatty foods for caloric intake.

Partially SupportedTo understand longevity, it is necessary to consider molecular biology, including the metabolic switching required to activate pathways like autophagy periodically.

Partially SupportedModern Western diets excessively stimulate growth pathways without allowing for nutrient deprivation.

Partially SupportedDiets not heavily reliant on man-made clinical trials show a significant reduction in diseases of civilization.

Partially SupportedThe catabolic state, experienced when the body is deprived of nutrients, cleans out toxic proteins, misfolded proteins, and dysfunctional organelles.

Partially SupportedButter and bacon are foods that are high in advanced glycation end products (AGEs).

Partially SupportedAthletes use mobile DEXA scan vehicles to monitor fat levels and lean muscle mass.

Not SupportedConsuming high-glycemic foods like pasta, brown rice, white rice, and breads provides continuous glucose, preventing famine states.

Not SupportedConstantly keeping mTOR inhibited, such as through excessive rapamycin or fasting, can lead to a weakened immune system, muscle loss, and sarcopenia.

Partially SupportedPeriodically allowing mTOR to activate is crucial for rebuilding muscle mass and storing resources.

Partially SupportedEngaging in 5-8 miles of daily walking can help burn glucose, lower blood sugar, and preserve muscle mass.

Partially SupportedTwo full days of fasting per week combined with resistance training can lead to fat loss and muscle gain.

Partially SupportedA carnivore diet with a bolus of meat in the morning and afternoon, a 6-8 hour feeding window, and sufficient protein may deplete liver glycogen overnight and induce autophagy.

Partially SupportedA compressed eating window strategy involves eating a large protein meal to trigger mTOR, followed by periods without significant protein intake.

Partially SupportedFasting has been shown to work across all studied organisms from bacteria to primates, suggesting its importance for longevity and healthspan.

Partially SupportedMany supplements can be considered processed foods requiring careful consideration of their use and composition.

Partially SupportedIndividuals not consuming processed foods like flour, sugar, and oils experienced fewer diseases of civilization such as diabetes, Alzheimer's, heart disease, and cancer.

Partially SupportedIndigenous populations in the early 1900s did not suffer from diseases of civilization like diabetes, Alzheimer's, heart disease, and cancer.

Partially SupportedFor individuals with a BMI of 40-50, reducing BMI to the low twenties can significantly improve morbidity and mortality rates.

Partially SupportedThere is limited scientific research on postprandial IGF-1 levels, with most studies focusing on fasting levels.