Andrew Huberman· PhD
In the clinical psychology and in the neuro-biological literature now, it's understood that there is both emotional empathy, like actually feeling what somebody is feeling and what is now called cognitive empathy.
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The evidence is convergent. Multiple independent sources reach the same conclusion, the underlying mechanism is well-characterized, and even the field's most cautious voices treat it as worth doing.
In the clinical psychology and in the neuro-biological literature now, it's understood that there is both emotional empathy, like actually feeling what somebody is feeling and what is now called cognitive empathy.
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There're three distinct types of empathy a lot of people don't know about. So the first kind is emotional empathy, and this is the one that feels very intuitive to most of us. So it's this visceral reaction I have. You tell me that you've had a really hard time. My eyes start to well up. I can truly feel your pain, and I just feel what you feel, okay? And that typically is what people think of when they think of empathy, period. They overlook two other types of empathy. The second type is called cognitive empathy. This is the ability to accurately diagnose what it is that's causing you distress in this moment, and what it is that I could offer up to you to try to help ameliorate some of your suffering. The third kind is called empathic concern, or it's known as compassion as well, which is the actual desire to help, you desire to help another person.
there's the cognitive empathy piece where I you know I've never had your experience but intellectually I get that you've suffered or intellectually I get your experience there's the emotional empathy which is you know when I meet other survivors of abuse who have felt shame I understand what that means because I've lived there and not that our experience was the same but our feeling was the same we have a shared emotional experience and then on top of that that compassionate kind of form of empathy is what I think is what we need much more of in our society
Now we can leverage this information in the clinical psychology and in the neurobiological literature. Now it's understood that there is both emotional empathy like actually feeling what somebody is feeling and what is now called cognitive empathy. Cognitive empathy is this idea that we both see and experience something the same way at a mental level. Emotional empathy is this idea that yes I can feel what you feel at a visceral somatic or autonomic level.