Experiments using carbon-13 tracers can quantify lactate production and glucose oxidation in individuals on and off metformin, costing approximately $2.5 million.

“you could really we could start very well with an ro1 uh basic research Grant uh that's $2.5 million yeah that would be a to start that's just a handle of glucose but the real interesting stuff would be when glucose appears as it does in a meal with other things you know what would be interesting have you done the experiments you just described the ogtt experiment to individuals uh both on and off met Forin it would be interesting to see the difference in lactate production uh in those two uh individuals and it would be interesting to also see if there was a way quantify this osy production”