Harm from ultra-processed foods may stem from increased calorie consumption, addictive properties, or impaired mitochondrial function.

“is it just that they're so delicious that people consume extra calories and it's still just as simple as calories or is it that there's something in those chemicals that makes the foods addictive or is it that there's something in those chemicals that actually impairs mitochondrial function I think we have evidence to support all three of those hypotheses”