Copper-containing small particles (PM2.5) from car brake-pads are even worse to lung cells

Well SupportedPM2.5 particles can penetrate deep into the lungs and enter the bloodstream, causing significant damage.

Partially SupportedCopper-containing PM2.5 particles from car brake pads are more damaging to human lung cells than those from diesel engines.

Partially SupportedAnticipating speed changes and getting off the gas pedal early can help reduce brake use and thus exposure to brake particles.

Partially SupportedTo minimize exposure to brake-derived PM2.5, one can install copper-free plates, minimize brake use, drive calmly in traffic, and use lower gears when driving downhill.

Partially Supported