How to know if you have an addiction | Anna Lembke and Peter Attia

Well SupportedA dopamine deficit state, resulting from overindulgence, can manifest as anxiety, irritability, insomnia, dysphoria, and preoccupation with using again.

Partially SupportedAddiction is diagnosed based on phenomenology, characterized by patterns of behavior including the four C's (out of control use, compulsive use, cravings, continued use despite consequences) plus tolerance and withdrawal.

Partially SupportedWithdrawal from sedatives like alcohol can manifest as restlessness, jitteriness, and potentially life-threatening seizures.

Partially SupportedTolerance in addiction can be overcome by increasing dose, frequency, changing delivery mechanism, or altering chemical combination.