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Rapamycin extends mouse lifespan 9–14%
NAD+ precursors reverse aging in humans
Blue-light glasses improve sleep quality
Walking 10 min after meals blunts glucose
Verdict change — caffeine half-life downgraded

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Are choline and carnitine found in animal foods the precursors for TMAO? — Whalespan

Content›Video›Are choline and carnitine fo…

Are choline and carnitine found in animal foods the precursors for TMAO?

Paul Saladino8m · 2022-03-03

Claims Made

15

Claims Supported

11

Support Rate

73%

Support rate

11 of 15 claims supported

11 supported4 partial / not

Claims from this content

15

◐Partially SupportedGut bacteria convert choline and carnitine into TMA, which the liver oxidizes to TMAO, a contributor to atherosclerosis.✓Well SupportedCholine is converted into phosphatidylcholine, a critical cell membrane component that regulates intracellular transportation and constitutes brain and cell matter.◐Partially SupportedKidney disease may cause TMAO levels to rise due to reduced excretion, rather than TMAO causing kidney problems.◐Partially SupportedAcetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) partially restored mitochondrial function and ambulatory activity in aging rats.Partially Supported

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A. Volkovreader

4h

Bookmarking — the dossier-vs-overview split is the right call. Most of the time I want overview; sometimes I want receipts.

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N. Park

2d

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◐

Increased tmao levels are associated with cardiovascular disease, but this association does not imply causation.

◐Partially SupportedCholine is essential for human life, cell membranes, neurotransmitter formation, phosphatidylcholine, and bile acid transport.

◐Partially SupportedCarnitine is considered an antioxidant and is essential for human functioning.

◐Partially SupportedLiver and egg yolks are considered the best nootropics due to their choline content.

◐Partially SupportedCholine is essential for cell membranes, neurotransmitter formation, phosphatidylcholine, and bile acid transport, and is crucial for brain development in infants.

◐Partially SupportedCholine and its metabolites can serve as a source of methyl groups required for the metabolism of homocysteine and methionine.

✕Not SupportedThere are no human studies demonstrating a mechanistic link between intestinal microbial metabolism of phosphatidylcholine (choline) and cardiovascular risk.

◐Partially SupportedCholine supplementation can often rescue non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

◐Partially SupportedAcetyl-L-carnitine is effective in treating dysthymic disorder.

◐Partially SupportedA 2013 study linked intestinal microbial metabolism of choline to cardiovascular risk through the production of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO).

◐Partially SupportedAcetyl-L-carnitine may improve depressive symptoms in patients with fibromyalgia and minimal hepatic encephalopathy.