Controlling neuromodulators allows for control over neural circuit activity, influencing states of alertness, focus, sleep, creativity, and capacity for focused work.

“Now we're mainly going to focus on neuromodulators today because those are the things that if you can learn to control them, and indeed there are tools to control them, then you can control which neural circuits are more likely or less likely to be active in you at any given moment. And in doing so, you can control whether or not you are going to be alert and focused or deeply asleep. You can control whether or not you are going to be in a creative state or whether or not you're going to be in a state of mind more fit, more capable that is of doing focused work or math or more so-called linear types of work where there's a correct answer. There's a specific thing to follow and you're simply going to plug and chug as it were through a particular set of steps in order to accomplish something. Or for instance, whether or not you're going to be in a more relaxed and creative state where you're thinking about new ideas or new ideas just seem to be spontaneously coming to mind.”