Intestinal permeability can alter brain function through immune activation caused by gut-derived bacterial products.

“and so you end up getting then even further breakdown of the blood-brain barrier it becomes more permeable and this is sort of the beginning of this vicious cycle where then you know you sort of have a slow sort of insidious more permeability effect because more lps and other inflammatory molecules and other things are getting into the brain and then it's you know changing the phenotype of our microglial cells for example and this sort of this vicious cycle of neuroinflammation”

“lps again originating from intestinal permeability can actually break down some of the tight junctions itself and it binds directly to receptors present on microglial cells these are called toll-like receptors um to like four receptors and we're going to talk a little bit about that in more detail in a moment but when that happens it actually shifts the microglial cells in the brain from a protective mode to an attack mode”