Duration, path, and outcome (DPO) processes are conscious, reward-based mechanisms used for goal-related behaviors, relying on the prefrontal cortex.

“So, duration path outcome, and that entire process relies on your fore brain. This prefrontal cortex, the prefrontal cortex is what allows you to take information from memory, combine it with information about what's happening in the present context, and then to direct your behavior, your speech, et cetera, toward particular outcomes.”