Dysfunctional mitochondria can trigger the 'cell danger response' by releasing extracellular ATP, initiating an innate immune response.

“interestingly those cells will initiate a whole process which is called the cell danger response um it's work that's been done by Robert navio at uh UCSD where basically they understand the mitochondria is not working properly this is of course caused by the environment and they will actually release extracellular ATP which is not really supposed to go outside of the cell and that creates a massive innate immune response saying like I'm underpowered I need help my mitochondria is broken”