Individuals on higher protein diets can maintain stable blood sugar through gluconeogenesis, resulting in low fasting insulin but potentially higher hemoglobin A1c.

“so those individuals on a higher protein diet or more optimal protein go through gluconeogenesis so their blood sugar remains stable so you'll see their insulin their fasting insulin is very low less than 5 right but their hemoglobin a1c might be on the higher level might be on the higher side”