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Weekly · Sunday Morning

Five longevity claims.
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Rapamycin extends mouse lifespan 9–14%
NAD+ precursors reverse aging in humans
Blue-light glasses improve sleep quality
Walking 10 min after meals blunts glucose
Verdict change — caffeine half-life downgraded

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Most promising molecules for longevity | Peter Attia and Steve Austad — Whalespan

Content›Video›Most promising molecules for…

Most promising molecules for longevity | Peter Attia and Steve Austad

Peter Attia11m · 2024-12-17

Claims Made

23

Claims Supported

11

Support Rate

48%

Support rate

11 of 23 claims supported

11 supported12 partial / not

Claims from this content

19

✓Well SupportedHigh doses of rapamycin (e.g., 20mg weekly) are immunosuppressive and potentially interfere with vaccine response.✓Well SupportedThe combination of rapamycin and acarbose represents the largest percent increase in lifespan observed and the first time an increase was achieved by combining two drugs.?Limited ResearchMetformin's benefits for healthy, active individuals are uncertain because exercise can mimic its effects, such as activating AMPK and providing muscle benefits.◐Partially SupportedShort-term human studies show that differential dosing patterns of rapamycin can produce immune augmentation and enhancement.Partially Supported

More from Peter Attia

Peter Attia on Zone 2 Cardio

Peter Attia on Rapamycin (with Matt Kaeberlein)

Attia walks back the clinic protocol: too aggressive for healthy adults

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A. Volkovreader

4h

Bookmarking — the dossier-vs-overview split is the right call. Most of the time I want overview; sometimes I want receipts.

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N. Park

2d

Would love a "what would change this verdict" RSS feed. Sign me up if it exists.

◐

Rapamycin was investigated in an NIH clinical trial to prevent the recurrence of kidney cancer.

✓Well SupportedMetformin has benefits that extend beyond glucose regulation, such as effects on dementia, cancer, and heart disease.

✓Well SupportedThe most compelling data for metformin's benefits come from human studies, not mouse studies.

◐Partially SupportedMetformin has billions of years of cumulative human use, with individuals taking it for years, including those who are 90 years old.

?Limited ResearchMetformin's benefits may not translate to healthy humans if they are primarily related to treating diabetes.

◐Partially SupportedBoosting the immune system should be done cautiously to avoid autoimmune diseases or overreactions, aiming instead for boosted immune responsiveness.

◐Partially SupportedHuman longevity studies require biomarkers that can assess outcomes like decreased dementia, heart disease, cancer, preserved muscle strength, and boosted immune responsiveness within a five-year study.

✓Well SupportedTo dose rapamycin for longevity, start with doses tested in humans for enhancing vaccine response, such as 5mg or 20mg of everolimus once a week.

✕Not SupportedThe removal of the pair-fed arm in the ITP study for acarbose prevents understanding how much of the observed effects are due to changes in food consumption or temporal eating patterns.

◐Partially SupportedGiving drugs like rapamycin to completely healthy people is difficult for FDA approval, necessitating trials in individuals with existing illnesses.

◐Partially SupportedRapamycin shows the most potential for geroprotection based on mouse data, while metformin shows the most potential based on human data.

◐Partially SupportedLower doses of everolimus (5mg once a week) were as effective as higher doses (20mg) in boosting immune response and had fewer side effects.

◐Partially SupportedThe benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors may stem from effects on glucose kinetics rather than caloric intake reduction.

?Limited ResearchPeter Attia is hesitant to get excited about SGLT2 inhibitors and NAD precursors, preferring to see more data.

◐Partially SupportedHuman data on SGLT2 inhibitors show remarkable impact on kidney failure, all-cause mortality, and heart failure.