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Rapamycin extends mouse lifespan 9–14%
NAD+ precursors reverse aging in humans
Blue-light glasses improve sleep quality
Walking 10 min after meals blunts glucose
Verdict change — caffeine half-life downgraded

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Foot anatomy, pain, & treatment | Peter Attia & Adam Cohen — Whalespan

Content›Video›Foot anatomy, pain, & treatm…

Foot anatomy, pain, & treatment | Peter Attia & Adam Cohen

Peter Attia24m · 2023-08-04

Claims Made

47

Claims Supported

40

Support Rate

85%

Support rate

40 of 47 claims supported

40 supported7 partial / not

Claims from this content

38

✓Well SupportedIn female endurance athletes, poor nutritional state leading to low BMI, low body fat percentage, and estrogen deficiency is a risk factor for poor bone health.◐Partially SupportedA distal fibula fracture with torn deltoid ligaments may require surgical intervention for stability.◐Partially SupportedSurgeons should provide patients with a clear breakdown of complication probabilities specific to their own practice.◐Partially SupportedTight shoes can contribute to a higher incidence of bunions, especially in individuals predisposed to the condition.Not Supported

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Attia walks back the clinic protocol: too aggressive for healthy adults

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A. Volkovreader

4h

Bookmarking — the dossier-vs-overview split is the right call. Most of the time I want overview; sometimes I want receipts.

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2d

Would love a "what would change this verdict" RSS feed. Sign me up if it exists.

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Surgeons who cannot clearly articulate complication probabilities and troubleshooting plans may not be good at their job.

◐Partially SupportedRegular, non-taxing jumping activities can help maintain elasticity in the Achilles tendon and lower extremities.

◐Partially SupportedSome individuals have anatomically pronated flat feet that are not easily correctable with exercise alone.

◐Partially SupportedBunion surgery is not recommended unless the condition causes pain or significantly affects adjacent toes.

◐Partially SupportedOrthotic arches are prescribed for people with stretched posterior tibialis tendons but do not necessarily halt disease progression.

◐Partially SupportedThe posterior tibialis tendon inverts the foot for propulsion.

◐Partially SupportedRecurrent stress fractures in runners warrant assessment for relative energy deficiency, potential eating disorders, undernourishment, endocrinologist consultation, and vitamin D levels.

◐Partially SupportedSprained ankles are the most common injury to the ankle, and most do not require surgery.

◐Partially SupportedArthritis of the ankle may require fusion of the small bones of the joint.

◐Partially SupportedA distal fibula fracture can occur when the foot is externally rotated and may heal without surgery.

◐Partially SupportedWhen selecting an orthopedic surgeon, look for a good rapport, attentive listening, and a willingness to discuss alternatives to surgery.

◐Partially SupportedHeel pain can be caused by plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendonitis, tarsal tunnel syndrome, or S1 nerve root compression.

◐Partially SupportedFractures of the proximal fifth metatarsal rarely require surgery and tend to heal.

◐Partially SupportedFractures of the fifth metatarsal less than a centimeter higher up are in a watershed zone with deficient blood supply and often require casting, bracing, or surgery.

◐Partially SupportedA small, stable fracture in the cartilage and bone unit of the ankle may be treated conservatively with a boot, but a detached piece requires different management.

◐Partially SupportedA surgeon's defensiveness in response to questions about alternatives or necessity of surgery may indicate they are not the right fit.

◐Partially SupportedTriple arthrodesis is performed when the foot arch is too weak to support the body.

◐Partially SupportedFluoroquinolone antibiotics may slightly increase the risk of Achilles tendon rupture within one to two weeks of a single dose.

◐Partially SupportedAnkle sprains involve tearing of a ligament, with severity ranging from grade one to complete rupture.

◐Partially SupportedGood proprioception and dynamic training help prevent lower extremity injuries.

◐Partially SupportedAnkle cartilage injury can occur from ATFL sprains due to improper talus rotation.

◐Partially SupportedCartilage injury from ankle sprains can lead to an increased risk of arthritis.

◐Partially SupportedMultiple stress fractures in runners may indicate relative energy deficiency and warrant investigation for hormonal and nutritional issues.

◐Partially SupportedThe female athlete triad, characterized by relative energy deficiency, osteoporosis, and menstrual abnormalities, is a risk for female runners.

◐Partially SupportedThere is no increased incidence of Achilles tendon ruptures in the setting of tendinopathy.

◐Partially SupportedAn MRI is recommended for ankle sprains that are not recovering to assess cartilage and bone integrity.

◐Partially SupportedMaintaining calf muscle strength and flexibility may help prevent Achilles tendon injuries.

◐Partially SupportedA feeling of being rushed by a medical professional is a significant indicator that the patient is indeed being rushed.

◐Partially SupportedBunion surgery may be necessary for pain or toe crowding and can involve bone cuts and correction of associated hammer toes.

◐Partially SupportedOvertraining can be an issue for Achilles tendon health, and tendon degeneration is a biologic event that affects everyone with age.

◐Partially SupportedMost ankle sprains occur on the lateral aspect of the ankle, involving the anterior talofibular ligament, calcaneofibular ligament, and posterior talofibular ligament.

◐Partially SupportedNavicular stress fractures are common in runners and are a type of fracture typically found in a watershed zone.

◐Partially SupportedAchilles tendinitis is a difficult problem with limited effective treatment options, and surgery is generally not successful for Achilles tendinopathy unless the tendon is ruptured.

◐Partially SupportedHigh ankle sprains often involve injury to the syndesmosis ligament.