Andrew Huberman· PhD
So we have these spherical molecules that are lipid on the inside, protein on the outside, lipoprotein, and inside they contain cholesterol and triglycerides.
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So we have these spherical molecules that are lipid on the inside, protein on the outside, lipoprotein, and inside they contain cholesterol and triglycerides.
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as you know cholesterol being a lipid is not water soluble so the the most dominant Highway in the body is the circulatory system we we can use the lymphatic system and things like that but for the most part we use our circulatory system as the highway to move stuff around and the highway is made up of water plasma which is what is the liquid component of your blood is water and therefore things that are water soluble move easily but unfortunately with cholesterol being a lipid we can't do that just as water and oil don't mix cholesterol and plasma don't mix so the body had to come up with a trick and the trick was designing a vehicle that was water soluble on the outside and fat soluble on the inside that you could bury the cholesterol inside along with triglycerides and on the outside it was covered in protein which is water soluble and that's the that's the thing that moves around and that thing is called A lipoprotein
those are lipoproteins those are sort of membrane bound membrane bound entities that move throughout the body and in those membrane bound entities are molecules like cholesterol which is actually a steroid backbone molecule and triglycerides which are composed as the name would suggest of three fatty acid molecules and a glycerol backbone
the the phospholipid mono layer on the outside of the lipoproteins is sort of this magical way that our body can make something that's water soluble or excuse me lipid soluble like cholesterol or triglycerides soluble in an aqueous medium like blood
A lipoprotein is lipids and protein and so you have a sphere it's a single phospholipid monolayer sphere it's basically a balloon full of cholesterol backbone molecules so cholesterol molecules and triglycerides
so lipids obviously have to be within what I call water-soluble lipid transportation vehicles and that turns out of course to be a lipoprotein a protein wrap the collection of hydrophobic and AM PP thick lipids that just wouldn't be in your plasma unless they're attached to a protein
if we want to move something around water that is not water soluble such as cholesterol as a lipid you have to wrap it in something that is water soluble and that something is the lipoprotein and the big protein on the surface of that sphere is called an APO lipoprotein