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Is high cholesterol a concern on keto/carnivore? A conversation with Bart Kay

PS

Paul Saladino1h 26m · 2019-03-28

Support Rate

61%

81 of 133 claims supported

Support rate

81 of 133 claims supported

81 supported52 partial / not

Claims from this content

103

Well SupportedAtherosclerosis is caused by the inflammatory response to oxidized cholesterol accumulation in macrophages within the artery wall.Well SupportedOxidized LDL with an oxidized ApoB100 particle is atherogenic, while native LDL is not.Not SupportedFish oil supplements often contain high levels of peroxides and oxidative products.Well SupportedThousands of people are following a carnivore diet and experiencing changes in various diseases, including autoimmune disease.Well SupportedPlants contain toxins like oxalates, lectins, and tannins that can be harmful to some people.

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A. Volkovreader

4h

Bookmarking — the dossier-vs-overview split is the right call. Most of the time I want overview; sometimes I want receipts.

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N. Park

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Would love a "what would change this verdict" RSS feed. Sign me up if it exists.

Well Supported

Gut cells can utilize ketones from circulation, which enter the butyrate metabolic pathway, as butyrate is converted to beta-hydroxybutyrate before energy use.

Not SupportedThe idea that diverticulosis is caused by insufficient fiber intake is not supported by literature; higher fiber intake is associated with more diverticulosis.

Partially SupportedStatins are HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors that interrupt the mevalonate pathway, critical for cholesterol synthesis.

Partially SupportedThe primary benefit of statins in secondary prevention may be modulating inflammation or increasing nitric oxide, not solely LDL lowering.

Not SupportedThe evidence for fiber preventing colon cancer is non-existent, with studies showing no change in the recurrence rate of colonic adenomas with fiber supplementation.

Well SupportedLipoproteins are spherical molecules used to transport cholesterol and triglycerides through the circulation.

Well SupportedThe carnivore diet may be helpful for individuals with colitis or Crohn's disease.

Well SupportedLectins from beans and cannellini were found in the brains of rats with leaky gut and alpha-synuclein aggregation.

Well SupportedWhen limiting carbohydrates, the body may use LDL lipoprotein particles for energy, potentially leading to higher LDL cholesterol.

Well SupportedFish oil supplements often have a high peroxide index, indicating undesirable oxidation.

Well SupportedMany psychiatric illnesses are inflammatory and autoimmune in nature, involving activation of the immune system in the central nervous system.

Well Supported80% of the body's cholesterol is synthesized internally, meaning dietary cholesterol has little meaningful effect on overall cholesterol levels.

Not SupportedWestern physicians may be conditioned to focus on treating symptoms with medications rather than identifying root causes.

Well SupportedAfter 14 days on the carnivore diet, the speaker's severe joint stiffness and pain evaporated.

Well SupportedMacrophages engulf oxidized LDL particles, but not native LDL, because oxidation modifies the apoB protein, activating scavenger receptors.

Well SupportedOxidation of linoleic acid in LDL particles damages apolipoprotein B, initiating endothelial cell activation and immune responses that drive atherosclerosis.

Partially SupportedMany individuals on ketogenic or carnivore diets experience elevated LDL cholesterol, which can cause concern when doctors recommend statins.

Partially SupportedCarnivorous diets may increase bacterial diversity and do not necessarily lead to the death of the microbiome.

Well SupportedSophisticated lipid panels assessing oxidized LDL and its ratios are necessary because not all LDL is created equally.

Partially SupportedExcess deuterium accumulation in mitochondria can damage nano motors and disrupt ATP production.

Partially SupportedHistological examination in a study on mice lacking fiber showed no pathological changes indicative of inflammation, despite a reduction in the mucus layer.

Partially SupportedOxidation refers to the loss of electrons, and molecules that have lost electrons (free radicals) can create oxidative stress.

Partially SupportedClinical data from carnivore diet followers does not show a tendency toward inflammation.

Partially SupportedIndividuals on ketogenic or low-carb diets with elevated LDL, low triglycerides, and high HDL may not have concerning cardiovascular risk.

Partially SupportedDr. Burkitt observed a low incidence of diverticulosis in Tanzania, where people consumed a high-fiber diet, leading to the hypothesis that fiber prevents diverticulosis.

Partially SupportedHigh-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a marker of systemic inflammation.

Partially SupportedMitochondrial dysfunction can lead to a surplus of phosphate in the cell, activating pro-inflammatory mediators through phosphorylation.

Partially SupportedInflammation and oxidative stress activate each other.

Partially SupportedKetogenic or carnivore diets can reverse hyperinsulinemia and normalize hormone levels in individuals predisposed to insulin resistance.

Partially SupportedAdopting a carnivore diet can lead to unprecedented mood stability.

Partially SupportedShort-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) can be produced from protein intake and activate the same receptors as butyrate.

Partially SupportedOxalate can enter cells and potentially affect mitochondria in white blood cells, causing inflammatory distress.

Well SupportedMost individuals consume insufficient omega-3 fatty acids and sufficient omega-6 fatty acids for optimal brain function.

Partially SupportedIngesting excess omega-6, oxidized fish oils, or other oxidized oils can cause oxidative stress and trigger the immune system.

Not SupportedIn men over 65 who have had a prior cardiovascular event, statin use is associated with increased all-cause mortality.

Partially SupportedColloquial references to 'cholesterol' typically mean LDL or HDL lipoproteins, not cholesterol itself.

Partially SupportedEpidemiological studies show statin benefits for mortality or cardiovascular endpoints only in males over 65 with prior cardiovascular events.

Not SupportedOxidized omega-3 fats containing aldehydes are potentially poisonous and should be avoided.

Not SupportedThe claim that a lack of carbohydrates causes gut bacteria to digest the mucus layer is unsubstantiated.

Not SupportedFiber does not have a monopoly on producing short-chain fatty acids; carnivorous diets can produce them.

Partially SupportedThe omega-6 to omega-3 ratio in the diet is important, with an ideal target of close to 1:1.

Well SupportedWhen ATP is cleaved to release energy, it releases a free phosphate, regenerating ADP.

Partially SupportedAn omega-3 index of 8 to 9 is a desirable target.

Partially SupportedThe preferred food-based source of omega-3 fatty acids is salmon roe.

Partially SupportedApproximately 90% of enzyme reactions in the body are activated by vitamin D3.

Partially SupportedMedications are often ineffective in treating anxiety and depression.

Partially SupportedSystemic damage to vascular epithelial cells increases their need for cholesterol, leading them to bind to ApoB100 lipoproteins.

Partially SupportedCholesterol constitutes 50% by weight of every cell membrane in the human body.

Partially SupportedThe redox potential is related to the mitochondria's ability to pass hydrogen ions through the ATP synthase motor and join ADP to phosphate.

Partially SupportedWhen the mitochondrial system is not working optimally, there is less ability to generate ATP, resulting in excess free phosphate in the cell.

Partially SupportedATP is formed by joining adenosine diphosphate (ADP) with a free phosphate molecule, creating a high-energy bond that stores energy.

Partially SupportedMitochondrial dysfunction, characterized by problems with the electron transport chain, leads to a reduced redox potential.

Partially SupportedKinetic energy from hydrogen ions passing through ATP synthase is chemically encapsulated to form ATP.

Not SupportedPrescribing statins solely based on elevated LDL cholesterol without considering individual scientific evidence constitutes malpractice.

Not SupportedStatin medications are direct mitochondrial poisons that inhibit the electron transport chain.

Partially SupportedOxidative stress activates inflammation by lowering cellular redox potential, increasing free organic phosphate, and phosphorylating pro-inflammatory mediators.

Partially SupportedSwitching to a ketogenic or carnivore diet allows the body to prioritize cholesterol synthesis and delivery to cells for repair.

Partially SupportedOxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation are intimately connected and can be considered almost the same phenomenon.

Partially SupportedThe body's synthesis of cholesterol is encoded by a gene that has survived 3.8 billion years of natural selection.

Partially SupportedInflammation can be measured using markers such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, serum interleukin-6, lipid peroxides, or DNA damage.

Partially SupportedIndividuals should take personal responsibility for their health and conduct n=1 experiments.

Partially SupportedFollowing a ketogenic lifestyle for approximately 20 years improved his health to about 80-85% optimal.

Partially SupportedEating plants can cause medical illness.

Not SupportedThe speaker was taking five or six different medications including pregabalin, an SSRI, a PPI, and an ACE inhibitor, none of which addressed the root cause of his condition.

Partially SupportedFor men over 65 who have had a prior cardiovascular event, statins may reduce the likelihood of a secondary event and cardiovascular mortality within five years.

Partially SupportedA study identified aldehydes in commercially available omega-3 supplements.

Partially SupportedCholesterol is essential for cell membranes, steroid hormones, myelin sheaths, vitamin D3 synthesis, and bile acids.

Partially SupportedSugars and starches are high in deuterium and can interfere with mitochondrial function, leading to inflammation.

Partially SupportedStatins inhibit cholesterol production by reducing the cargo carried by lipoproteins.

Partially SupportedThe scientific evidence supporting a carnivorous diet is still in its early stages but was sufficient for adoption.

Partially SupportedThe benefit of statins might be related to their ability to reduce inflammatory signaling molecules.

Not SupportedFiber does not provide benefits for preventing cancer, constipation, or reducing LDL cholesterol, blood pressure, or type-2 diabetes.

Partially SupportedThe body's cholesterol synthesis pathway, involving enzymes like HMG-co-reductase, has been conserved through billions of years of evolution.

Not SupportedReducing or eliminating dietary fiber can effectively eliminate constipation and associated symptoms.

Not SupportedA standard mixed diet with some junk food was associated with multiple health issues including autism, bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety, fibromyalgia, diverticulitis, pancreatitis, and gluten intolerance.

Partially SupportedOmega-6 fatty acids, including linoleic acid, gamma linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid, are essential and necessary for the body.

Partially SupportedMany people normalize suffering and illness, believing it is a normal part of life rather than a condition that can be addressed.

Not SupportedAldehydes are dangerous lipid oxidation products that can damage cell membranes, act as mutagens, and potentially cause cancer.

Not SupportedConsuming whole grains and fruits high in deuterium can interfere with mitochondrial ATP synthesis and activate pro-inflammatory mediators.

Partially SupportedWild-caught New Zealand seafood consumed about once a week is a good source of omega-3s and avoids mercury issues.

Not SupportedExcessively lowering cholesterol can lead to cognitive issues, potentially related to myelin sheath integrity, and derangements in hormones and secondary messengers.

Not SupportedFiber may worsen constipation by promoting the overgrowth of methane-producing bacteria that can paralyze the gut's enteric nervous system.

Partially SupportedSystemic chronic inflammation is a root cause of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular problems.

Partially SupportedFiber has only mixed benefits in inflammatory bowel disease.

Partially SupportedButyric acid is not the sole fuel source for colonic epithelial cells.

Not SupportedLowering serum cholesterol levels is associated with worse health outcomes, including increases in violence and psychiatric problems.

Not SupportedFiber is not required for producing short-chain fatty acids like butyrate.

Partially SupportedEliminating plants from the diet may improve psychiatric conditions for some individuals.

Partially SupportedThe activation of pro-inflammatory mediators by excess phosphate signals cellular distress and potential pathogen threat.

Partially SupportedThe body requires significant cholesterol for cell membranes, which is better met by non-plant-based or mixed-macro diets.

Partially SupportedThe immune response to non-native proteins like lipoproteins can initiate inflammatory pathways.

Partially SupportedPhosphorylation, the addition of phosphate groups to molecules, is a mechanism by which kinases turn molecules and proteins on and off.

Partially SupportedIn modern Western society, chronic inflammation prevents resolution because lifestyle factors interfere with the release of ApoB100 lipoproteins from cell membranes.

Partially SupportedVegans argue that fiber is necessary for producing short-chain fatty acids like butyrate to support colonic epithelial cells and the gut lining.

Partially SupportedCarnivore diet proponents suggest that vegetable fibers are not necessary for fatty acid production, gut microbiome health, and gut mucosal lining health.

Partially SupportedMost chronic diseases in Western society are related to inflammation.

Partially SupportedAdopting a carnivore diet can resolve psychological/psychiatric issues and fibromyalgia.

Partially SupportedInflammation can be conceptualized as an overactivated immune system responding without good reason.