Do we need vegetables for a healthy gut?

Not SupportedFiber has not been shown to increase microbial diversity in the gut, and removing fiber does not decrease microbial diversity.

Well SupportedIndividuals who cannot tolerate lactose from raw dairy can consume fermented dairy products like yogurt, cheese, or kefir, where lactose is largely broken down.

Well SupportedIncreasing dietary fiber does not consistently increase alpha diversity or improve gut health, and removing fiber does not decrease alpha diversity.

Well SupportedFermented foods, such as kefir, raw dairy, and raw cheeses, improve gut diversity, inflammatory markers, and immune markers.

Partially Supported