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What's the Difference Between Pathologic and Physiologic Insulin Resistance? — Whalespan

Content›Video›What's the Difference Betwee…

What's the Difference Between Pathologic and Physiologic Insulin Resistance?

Paul Saladino14m · 2020-07-26

Claims Made

22

Claims Supported

20

Support Rate

91%

Support rate

20 of 22 claims supported

20 supported2 partial / not

Claims from this content

18

✓Well SupportedSystemic insulin resistance is distinct from the normal physiological glucose sparing observed in muscle on low-carb diets.✓Well SupportedInsulin's primary role in muscle is to inhibit protein breakdown rather than directly stimulate muscle protein synthesis.✓Well SupportedInsulin signals the liver to stop producing glucose and signals muscle to take in glucose for disposal.✓Well SupportedIn pathological insulin resistance, high insulin levels and liver insulin resistance lead to inappropriate gluconeogenesis and elevated blood sugars.Partially Supported

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A. Volkovreader

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Bookmarking — the dossier-vs-overview split is the right call. Most of the time I want overview; sometimes I want receipts.

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◐

Saturated fat does not cause the same type of insulin physiology or pathologic insulin resistance as mixed carbohydrate and fat overfeeding.

◐Partially SupportedA single low-carbohydrate meal at night can induce a state that mimics insulin resistance on a subsequent glucose tolerance test.

◐Partially SupportedFasting insulin and C-peptide levels can differentiate between a low-carb, high-fat diet state and hyperinsulinemia or pathological insulin resistance.

✕Not SupportedConflating physiological glucose sparing with pathological insulin resistance is misleading and can lead to incorrect health conclusions.

◐Partially SupportedIn type 1 diabetes, exogenous insulin is required to prevent muscle and fat breakdown.

◐Partially SupportedBlood sugar spikes may occur for the first 2-3 days when reintroducing carbohydrates after a long period of zero-carb or very low-carb intake due to physiological adaptation.

✕Not SupportedThe hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, considered the gold standard for testing insulin sensitivity, is based on a flawed physiological understanding of insulin's primary job.

◐Partially SupportedPalmitoleic acid signals the body to remain insulin sensitive.

◐Partially SupportedPhysiologic insulin resistance is characterized by low insulin and low glucose levels, primarily affecting muscle cells' refusal of glucose.

◐Partially SupportedInsulin is a primary function of nutrient partitioning.

◐Partially SupportedUnabated gluconeogenesis in the liver is a primary source of excess glucose in type 2 diabetes, occurring because insulin-resistant fat and muscle tissues signal they have sufficient energy and cease responding to insulin.

◐Partially SupportedWhen insulin resistance occurs, muscle and adipose tissues can break down, releasing amino acids, fatty acids, and glycerol to the liver, which then converts them to glucose.

◐Partially SupportedReintroducing carbohydrates for three to four days after a ketogenic diet can improve metabolic health.

◐Partially SupportedPathologic insulin resistance is defined by high systemic insulin levels to which tissues do not respond, leading to elevated glucose.