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Rapamycin extends mouse lifespan 9–14%
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Time Perception & Entrainment by Dopamine, Serotonin & Hormones — Whalespan

Content›Video›Time Perception & Entrainmen…

Time Perception & Entrainment by Dopamine, Serotonin & Hormones

Andrew Huberman1h 14m · 2021-11-15

Support Rate

94%

110 of 117 claims supported

Support rate

110 of 117 claims supported

110 supported7 partial / not

Claims from this content

80

✓Well SupportedInside Tracker analyzes blood and DNA data to provide personalized nutrition, supplementation, and lifestyle recommendations for optimizing health markers.✓Well SupportedAthletic Greens supports the gut microbiome, which is vital for the immune system, endocrine system, and gut-brain axis, influencing mood and neurotransmitter production.✓Well SupportedThe first half of the night features more deep non-REM sleep, while the second half features more light non-REM and REM sleep.✓Well SupportedSunlight exposure should ideally occur within the first two hours of waking, or from a 10,000 lux light source if natural sunlight is not available.✓Well SupportedDopamine levels rise during ice cold water immersion and remain elevated for hours afterward.

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A. Volkovreader

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Bookmarking — the dossier-vs-overview split is the right call. Most of the time I want overview; sometimes I want receipts.

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✓Well SupportedCold exposure promotes brown fat production, which revs up metabolism, burns white fat, and may secrete health-promoting factors.

✓Well SupportedCold exposure causes a prolonged rise in dopamine and other catecholamines without a subsequent drop below baseline.

✓Well SupportedAndrew Huberman takes Athletic Greens twice a day.

✓Well SupportedDopamine levels relative to recent experience determine quality of life and desire to pursue things.

✓Well SupportedHeightened arousal increases dopamine, which can lead to overestimations of time.

✓Well SupportedThorne brand supplements have high accuracy and stringency in listing their compounds.

◐Partially SupportedThe supplement industry has variable quality, and product contents may not match the label.

✓Well SupportedAndrew Huberman intentionally delays coffee consumption for 90-120 minutes after waking.

✓Well SupportedFocused learning bouts should ideally be set for 90 minutes, with the first 10-15 minutes serving as a warm-up period before deep focus is achieved.

✓Well SupportedTo maintain high focus, 90-minute work cycles should be spaced by at least 2 to 4 hours, with a maximum of two such cycles per day.

✓Well SupportedTime-restricted feeding during the daytime provides a strong signal that combines with light to ensure proper gene expression.

✓Well SupportedApproximately two hours of daily skin exposure to sunlight on the upper body, arms, neck, and face can lead to significant increases in testosterone and estrogen.

✓Well SupportedIncreased dopamine levels in the brain cause individuals to overestimate the passage of time.

✓Well SupportedRegulating light exposure is the strongest zeitgeber and should be addressed first to align sleep-wake cycles and exercise.

✓Well SupportedTime perception is influenced by neuromodulators like dopamine and serotonin, which act as variable timers.

✓Well SupportedEngaging in specific habits can serve as time markers by invoking dopamine release, thereby structuring the day.

✓Well SupportedRegular preventative blood testing should be performed every 3 to 6 months, including fasting and non-fasting tests.

✓Well SupportedHuman hormonal responses, such as changes in melatonin, testosterone, and estrogen, are entrained to the external light-dark cycle and change as day length varies.

✓Well SupportedUsing different firing rates from the same neurons allows for more memory storage and flexibility.

✓Well SupportedBlink rate is related to the perception of time.

✓Well SupportedExperiencing multiple novel environments and meeting more people in a location leads to a feeling of having been there longer.

✓Well SupportedThe dopamine reward circuitry is based on prior experience, current experience, and anticipated outcomes, with surprise and positive novelty driving the biggest rewards.

✓Well SupportedWhether a supplement breaks a fast depends on whether it increases resting blood glucose and for how long.

✓Well SupportedExperiences associated with increased dopamine, such as fun and varied activities, are perceived as passing quickly in the present.

✓Well SupportedUltradian rhythms, shorter than circadian rhythms, influence daily attention and focus.

◐Partially SupportedWithin a 90-minute focus cycle, it is not expected to maintain focus for the entire duration, as the beginning and end may involve fluctuations.

◐Partially SupportedBright light exposure in the middle of the night can suppress melatonin levels.

◐Partially SupportedDopamine release signals the end of one phase of experience and the beginning of a new one, influencing the perception of time.

◐Partially SupportedUltradian rhythms for work and performance can be initiated by setting a clock for a 90-minute focus cycle.

◐Partially SupportedAltering the rate of memory playback can help uncouple the emotional weight from traumatic memories.

◐Partially SupportedProtein and fat can raise blood glucose to some extent, meaning their impact on breaking a fast is contextual.

◐Partially SupportedFocus performance diminishes after approximately 90 to 120 minutes due to neuronal circuits becoming less engaged.

◐Partially SupportedAndrew Huberman uses 90-minute focused work cycles spaced by two to four hours, ideally two or one per day.

✕Not SupportedPrecise circadian entrainment is crucial for health, as disruptions increase cancer risk, obesity, mental health issues, and decrease performance and wound healing.

◐Partially SupportedDrugs that increase serotonin or cannabis use lead to an underestimation of time passed.

◐Partially SupportedIngesting Athletic Greens does not break a fast for most people because it contains minimal carbohydrate or sugar.

◐Partially SupportedEating within a consistent time window each day, rather than at exact times, is important for circadian entrainment.

◐Partially SupportedCold water exposure increases dopamine, which changes the perception of time.

◐Partially SupportedCircadian entrainment, matching the body's 24-hour clocks to the Earth's rotation and light-dark cycle, is crucial for precise short-term time perception.

◐Partially SupportedTime perception is influenced by neuromodulators like dopamine and serotonin.

◐Partially SupportedEvery cell in the body exhibits a 24-hour oscillation in gene expression synchronized to the external light-dark cycle.

◐Partially SupportedThe circadian clock, a 24-hour rhythm, is a powerful and inescapable biological rhythm that regulates periods of activity and sleep.

◐Partially SupportedEngaging in physical activity at regular times of day is an effective way to entrain the circadian clock.

◐Partially SupportedSleep disruption can lead to dysregulation of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin.

◐Partially SupportedIncreased firing of striatal dopamine neurons is associated with more frequent blinking.

◐Partially SupportedThe brain can enter a state of focus and alertness for approximately 90-minute ultradian cycles, after which performance significantly drops.

◐Partially SupportedNorepinephrine plays a role in time perception similar to dopamine.

◐Partially SupportedVitamin D3 and K2 are important for immediate and long-term health, including blood lipid profiles.

◐Partially SupportedA more serotonergic state in the second half of the day may be beneficial for creative tasks and fluid activities.

◐Partially SupportedTrauma can cause 'overclocking' where high levels of dopamine and norepinephrine lead to perceiving time in ultra slow motion.

◐Partially SupportedOur perception of time is influenced by conscious awareness and slower hormonal changes related to day length, impacting mood and behavior.

◐Partially SupportedGetting light on the skin, not just the eyes, can influence well-being through hormone pathways, with a threshold of about two hours of exposure per day, even with cloud cover.

◐Partially SupportedLonger day lengths result in less melatonin release and shorter duration of release, while shorter day lengths result in more melatonin release and longer duration.

◐Partially SupportedDopamine alters memory, making experiences associated with high dopamine seem to have passed quickly.

◐Partially SupportedThe body averages light exposure from artificial and natural sources to measure day length and modulate melatonin.

◐Partially SupportedIncreased melatonin levels in winter are associated with reduced energy and lower mood in most people.

◐Partially SupportedThe melatonin signal entrains internal states like mood, energy, and appetite to external events, specifically day length.

◐Partially SupportedBright light exposure at night can cause melatonin levels to crash to almost zero.

◐Partially SupportedDopamine and norepinephrine systems are significantly increased during states of heightened arousal.

◐Partially SupportedExcessively high neural firing rates can lead to memories that are difficult to shake and strongly associated with emotions.

◐Partially SupportedHigher dopaminergic states are beneficial for tasks requiring adherence to rigid rules, precision, and a right/wrong answer.

◐Partially SupportedMore serotonergic states are beneficial for flexible, creative work.

◐Partially SupportedTime perception is a distributed phenomenon involving a network of brain areas.

◐Partially SupportedDisrupted sleep can impair concentration by disrupting the sense of the passage of time.

◐Partially SupportedCircannual rhythms are external cues that entrain biology and psychology throughout the year.

◐Partially SupportedAccurate perception of time on shorter intervals predicts task performance.

◐Partially SupportedA dopaminergic stopwatch operates at high resolution, counting milliseconds and capturing experiences with fine detail.

◐Partially SupportedAvoiding sunglasses when safe can help set time perception by allowing light viewing.

◐Partially SupportedSunscreen does not appear to inhibit the hormone-influencing effects of skin light exposure.

◐Partially SupportedEntrainment is the process by which internal biological processes are synchronized with external cues.

✕Not SupportedDisrupting the circadian clock is detrimental for numerous reasons and negatively impacts time perception.

◐Partially SupportedViewing light safely and avoiding bright light at night are foundational for setting time perception.

◐Partially SupportedTime perception is linked to neurochemical states that control mood and frames how we evaluate our past, present, and future.

◐Partially SupportedLight exposure inhibits the release of melatonin, which regulates sleep and hormones like testosterone and estrogen.

◐Partially SupportedFish oil does not significantly raise blood glucose and generally does not break a fast.